Alimentação de leitoas pré-púberes com dietas contendo zearalenona

Abstract

RESUMOO desempenho, o peso de alguns órgãos e a morfologia vulvar de leitoas pré-púberes, alimentadas por 28 dias com dietas contendo zearalenona, foram avaliados. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, dieta controle (DC) e dieta controle + 2mg kg -1 de zearalenona (DZ), e seis repetições cada. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos para consumo médio diário de ração (1,24 x 1,19kg), ganho médio diário de peso (0,68 x 0,71kg), conversão alimentar (1,86 x 1,71) e peso vivo (PV); (30,9 x 30,4kg). A zearalenona não alterou (P>0,05) os pesos absoluto e relativo do coração (137 x 141g e 0,45 x 0,45% PV), fígado (699 x 699g e 2,31 x 2,26%PV), rins (47 x 49g e 0,15 x 0,16%PV) e baço (166 x 171g e 0,55 x 0,55%PV). Houve aumento (P<0,05) no comprimento (17 x 27cm) e no peso (23 x 157g e 0,07 x 0,51%PV) do trato reprodutivo das leitoas do grupo DZ. O volume vulvar ao final do período foi 820% maior (P<0,05) nos animais alimentados com zearalenona (941 x 8658mm 3 /kgPV 0,6 ). Os resultados indicam que em suínos a zearalenona e seus metabólitos possuem atividade estrogênica, mas não interferem no desempenho dos animais.

Effects of zearalenone in prepubertal gilts

“…This result differs from that obtained by Andretta et al (2008), who used 2mg/kg and observed increase of the vulva (vulvar volume) already in the first week of exposure of prepubertal females to ZEA. The differences in dose and time of exposure between studies reinforce the importance of these variables in the manifestation of clinical signs, especially when edema and hyperemia of the vulva are seen.…”

“…Signs of hyperestrogenism occurred in this experiment with lower doses of ZEA compared to other studies, which respectively used doses of 2mg/kg (Andretta et al 2008) and higher than 3mg/kg (Etienne & Jemmali et al 1982), respectively. In dose-response investigation with incremental concentrations of ZEA, Doll et al (2003) observed increased weight of uterus at low concentrations (0.42mg/kg).…”

“…In other studies, even with ingestion of equal and greater amounts ZEA, as high as 2mg/kg, there were no changes in animal performance (Speranda et al 2006, Andretta et al 2008. This reinforces the action of ZEA mainly in the reproductive tract, without changing the zootechnical performance parameters significantly.…”

“…Most studies of experimental intoxication with ZEA use dosages exceeding 1 mg/kg (Etienne & Jemmali 1982, Speranda et al 2006, Andretta et al 2008). Doll et al (2004), however, found that pathologic changes started to appear at doses as low as 0.42 mg/kg.…”

Meta-analytical study of productive and nutritional interactions of mycotoxins in growing pigs

“…Zearalenone did not influence (P . 0.05) the weight gain or the feed conversion in pigs, as had been observed in previous studies (Andretta et al, 2008). Weight gain was 21% lower (P , 0.05) in pigs challenged by mycotoxins compared with the control group (Table 2).…”