Molecular analysis of the N gene of canine distemper virus in dogs in Brazil

Abstract

Eleven central-nervous-system samples collected from stray dogs between 2000 and 2004 were found positive by RT-PCR, which amplified a 480bp fragment of the N gene of canine distemper virus (CDV). Phylogenetic analysis based on partial N-gene sequences showed four major clusters. All dog strains segregated into cluster I, with a mean nucleotide identity of 95.8% and 95.6% with the Onderstepoort and Lederle vaccine strains, respectively. Cluster II contained all the raccoon-related strains, cluster III Orient strains and Cluster IV the Onderstepoort and Lederle vaccine strains, with a mean nucleotide identity of 99.7% between them. This is the first report of phylogenetic analysis of CDV strains in Brazil. RT-PCR, filogenia Keywords: dog, canine distemper virus, RT-PCR, phylogeny RESUMO Onze amostras de sistema nervoso central de cães coletados entre 2000 e 2004 foram positivas pela RT-PCR, a qual amplificou um fragmento de 480pb do gene N do vírus da cinomose canina (VCC).

Epidemiological features and the neuropathological manifestations of canine distemper virus-induced infections in Brazil: a review

“…This again highlights the importance of molecular epidemiological studies to investigate the complexities associated with CDV in Brazil. Nevertheless, current studies have suggested that there might be two strains of CDV circulating in Brazil (NEGRÃO et al, 2006;CASTILHO et al, 2007). Additionally, the series presented by Silva et al (2009) related elevated indices (17%) of laminar cortical necrosis particularly at the hippocampus, and it was suggested that this might be directly related to the infrequent observation of the hippocampus during routine histopathological evaluation of CDE, in addition to different strain of CDV.…”

“…2B). One of these contained only Brazilian strains and the other was mixed with strains from North America and Europe; suggesting that there are probably two strains of CDV circulating in Brazil (CASTILHO et al, 2007), and also in northern Paraná. However, both groups seemed to have evolved from European strains of CDV (Fig.…”

Advances in canine distemper virus pathogenesis research: a wildlife perspective

“…One of several techniques that have been developed for the detection of CDV is the reverse-transcription (RT) PCR assay [103][104][105][106], which has been widely used predominantly targeting the highly conserved N gene. While RT-PCR methods are more sensitive, specific and rapid compared to conventional culturing methods, they are still technically demanding and require several hours with additional post-PCR analyses [107].…”

Detecção molecular e análise filogenética do gene H de amostras do vírus da cinomose canina em circulação no município de Campinas, São Paulo

“…O genoma do CDV, composto de uma molécula de RNA de ϐita simples e polaridade negativa, codiϐica cinco proteínas, das quais as mais estudadas são a hemaglutinina (H) e a neuraminidase (N), cujos genes são comumente utilizados para estudos ϐilogenéticos (Mochizuki et al 1999, Pardo et al 2005, Castilho et al 2007, Kapil et al 2008, Martella et al 2008, Chan et al 2009, Demeter et al 2010. A hemaglutinina é responsável pela ligação dos vírions à célula hospedeira e tem um papel importante na indução de imunidade especíϐica pelo hospedeiro (Sawatsky & Von Messling 2010).…”

“…Ainda que seja reconhecido um único sorotipo do vírus, surtos ocorridos nos últimos anos nos Estados Unidos e estudos de ϐilogenia molecular realizados também em outros países têm apontado para um distanciamento genético entre as amostras de CDV utilizadas como estirpes vacinais e os vírus circulantes na população canina (Pardo et al 2005). Estudo realizado no Brasil utilizando a análise ϐilogenética do gene N do CDV apontou diferenças entre 11 amostras circulantes de 10 cidades do estado de São Paulo (anos 2000 a 2004) e as estirpes comumente utilizadas na produção de vacinas contra o CDV e comercializadas no país (Castilho et al 2007).…”