Histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of myeloid leukosis in broiler chicken

Manzan, Roberto Martins; Baccaro, Maria Regina; Ferreira, Antônio José Piantino; Sinhorini, Idércio Luiz; Moreno, Andréa Micke

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352006000500009

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…A Leucose aviária foi outra doença viral encontrada neste estudo. Também é descrita na literatura como Leucose linfoide e Leucose mielóide, é uma doença neoplásica viral que acomete aves adultas, sendo mais comum em matrizes pesadas de frango de corte [17]. No entanto, não foram encontrados aspectos epidemiológicos e sinais clínicos significativos estatisticamente neste estudo, apenas foi identificado presença de tumores em diversos órgãos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Risk Factors Associated with the Presence of Viral Diseases in Domestic Poultry in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Hirschmann

Fischer

Hübner

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: The introduction of any infectious agent into an industrial or subsistence farm worries agribusiness owners in Brazil because it reduces product quality and increases treatment costs, although most diseases are untreatable, thus causing economic losses with morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an epidemiological survey of viral diseases associated with poultry was developed by performing a detailed description of the risk factors that may be related to existing diseases using domestic poultry sample data recorded in the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory (LRD) of College of Veterinary Medicine of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2000 to 2016.Materials, Methods & Results: Epidemiological and clinical-pathological data were collected and then compared with disease data by multivariate analysis using statistical EpiInfo version 6.04 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010 software. The frequencies and 95% confidence intervals (CI), association measures (odds ratio=OR and relative risk=RR), Chi-square test, and the results considered significant with a value of P ≤ 0.05 were described. A total of 410 samples of domestic poultry were tested, and the results showed 66 (16.1%) viral diseases. The following conditions were the most commonly found diseases in this study: Marek’s disease (42.4%), Infectious bursal disease (31.8%), Avian leukosis (16.6%), Avian pox (7.5%) and Avian infectious bronchitis (1.5%). In this article we discuss the most frequent viral diseases: Marek’s disease (DM) and Gumboro disease. It was also possible to conclude that birds with Marek's disease presented higher odds of developing nerve, tegumentary and locomotors signs (P ≤ 0.05). As well as, more likely to present tumoriform lesions in the liver, spleen, kidneys and heart P ≤ 0.05, as well as lesions in the proventriculus, muscle lesions and in the sciatic nerve P ≤ 0.05. Laying poultry, backyard poultry production and young poultry constitute risk factors for DM (P ≤ 0.05). The results showed that samples with mycotoxicoses were at higher risk of developing DM (P ≤ 0.05). Poultry from industrial system had a higher risk of developing Gumboro disease (P ≤ 0.05). Besides that, domestic poultry with Gumboro disease were more likely to develop signs of depression, nerve signals, tegumentary changes, bursitis, hepatomegaly, renal lesions and splenomegaly (P ≤ 0.05).Discussion: In this research we can observe the domestic poultry with DM presenting tumoriform lesions in several organs, this finding is common in this disease, because it is one of the most frequent viral diseases of neoplastic characteristic. The results show that young birds are a risk factor for DM. In fact, previous works already affirm young birds as being susceptible to disease in relation to adult birds. In this study, laying hens presented a risk factor for DM, however other authors also observed in cut birds or in both types of production. Industrial poultry are at higher risk for DM, this was also reported by other authors, because the disease is of high contagion and morbidity, industrial birds are under high density which facilitates the contact and dissemination of the virus among sick and susceptible birds. In this study, industrial poultry were a risk factor for Gumboro disease, however, other studies show that there is no difference between types of breeding and can also occur in backyard birds. Young poultry and laying hens are more susceptible, and the clinical signs found in the study are compatible with those described in the literature. Through this research on viral diseases, we conclude that our study may complement the already existing official data, since, in a research conducted in the same period, it did not identify the presence of viral diseases in the Southern of RS, but with our research it was possible to register this disease.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Risk Factors Associated with the Presence of Viral Diseases in Domestic Poultry in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Hirschmann

Fischer

Hübner

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Immunopathological investigation and genetic evolution of Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J associated with myelocytomatosis in broiler flocks in Egypt

Fotouh,

Shosha,

Zanaty

et al. 2024

Virol J

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Background Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J (ALV-J) is a rapidly oncogenic evolving retrovirus infecting a variety of avian species; causing severe economic losses to the local poultry industry. Methods To investigate ALV-J, a total of 117 blood samples and 57 tissue specimens of different organs were collected for virological, and pathological identification, serological examinations, molecular characterization, and sequencing analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed report recorded in broiler flocks in Egypt. The present study targets the prevalence of a viral tumor disease circulating in broiler flocks in the El-Sharqia, El-Dakahliya, and Al-Qalyubiyya Egyptian governorates from 2021 to 2023 using different diagnostic techniques besides ALV-J gp85 genetic diversity determination. Result We first isolated ALV-J on chicken embryo rough cell culture; showing aggregation, rounding, and degeneration. Concerning egg inoculation, embryonic death, stunting, and curling were observed. Only 79 serum samples were positive for ALV-J (67.52%) based on the ELISA test. Histopathological investigation showed tumors consist of uniform masses, usually well-differentiated myelocytes, lymphoid cells, or both in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the myelocytomatosis-positive signals were in the spleen, liver, and kidney. The PCR assay of ALV-J gp85 confirmed 545 base pairs with only 43 positive samples (75.4%). Two positive samples were sequenced and submitted to the Genbank with accession numbers (OR509852–OR509853). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gp85 gene showed that the ALV-J Dakahlia-2 isolate is genetically related to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9 with amino acid identity percentage 96%, 97%; 96%, 96%; respectively. Furthermore, ALV-J Sharqia-1 isolate is highly genetically correlated to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9, ALV-J isolate QL1, ALV-J isolate QL4, ALV-J isolate QL3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4 with amino acid identity percentage 97%, 97%; 98%, 97%, 97%, 95%; respectively. Conclusions This study confirmed that ALV-J infection had still been prevalent in broilers in Egypt, and the genetic characteristics of the isolates are diverse.

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Histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of myeloid leukosis in broiler chicken

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Risk Factors Associated with the Presence of Viral Diseases in Domestic Poultry in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Risk Factors Associated with the Presence of Viral Diseases in Domestic Poultry in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Immunopathological investigation and genetic evolution of Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J associated with myelocytomatosis in broiler flocks in Egypt

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