Diagnosis of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs in Brazil caused by porcine circovirus type 2

Zanella, J. R. C.; Morés, N.

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352003000500002

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The results of the PCR test indicated high infection rates (62%) which is in agreement with reports in other Latin-American countries such as Brazil (70%) and Colombia, (63-100%) [12,13]. Nucleotide sequences from amplicons confirmed the circoviral DNA in all the amplicons analized (data not shown).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Primer informe de circulación de Circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) en Ecuador

Bermeo

Barragán

Torres

et al. 2013

Av. Cienc. Ing. (Quito)

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This report describes the first detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) from pigs in Ecuador. Samples were collected from 162 animals from November 2010 to March 2011: 25 sick animals from commercial swine herds and 137 from slaughterhouses. To detect the virus we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and two primer set. Our procedure revealed PCV2 DNA in 24 of 25 clinically affected pigs from farms and 77 of 137 pigs from slaughterhouses. The nucleotide sequence analysis of nine amplicons confirmed the PCV2 detection with at least a 95% homology compared with other PCV2 found in the GenBank database. Additionally, microscopic lesions in tissues of clinically affected pigs suggested porcine circovirus infection.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Primer informe de circulación de Circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) en Ecuador

Bermeo

Barragán

Torres

et al. 2013

Av. Cienc. Ing. (Quito)

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“…The international market for live pigs has played an important role in the rapid spread of PCV2 between regions where pigs and sanitary barriers have proven ineffective [25,46]. PMWS was first described in 2003 in Brazil [47], and since then, only viral isolates of genotypes PCV2a and PCV2b have been identified [25,46]. However, viral isolates of genotype PCV2b were prevalent, and retrospective studies have identified PCV2 in archived tissue samples dating from 1978 [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A porcine circovirus-2 mutant isolated in Brazil contains low-frequency substitutions in regions of immunoprotective epitopes in the capsid protein

et al. 2015

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Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV2) is the etiologic agent of several diseases in pigs, including multi-systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). In this work, a new mutant PCV2b was isolated from PMWS-affected pigs on a Brazilian farm. Its genome showed high sequence similarity (>99% identity) to those from a group of emerging mutants isolated from cases of PMWS outbreaks in vaccinated pigs in China, the USA and South Korea. Here, we show that these isolates share a combination of low-frequency substitutions (single amino acid polymorphisms with a frequency of ≤25%) in the viral capsid protein, mainly in regions of immunoprotective epitopes, and an additional lysine residue at position 234. These isolates were phylogenetically grouped in the PCV2b clade, reinforcing the idea of the emergence of a new group of mutants PCV2b associated with outbreaks worldwide. The identification of these polymorphisms in the viral capsid highlights the importance of considering these isolates for the development of more-effective vaccines.

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“…Samples of tissues embedded in paraffin were sectioned at 4μm, placed on slides (previously treated with 10% poly-L-lysine) and IHC was performed as described previously (Gava et al 2005a). Controls for the analyses includes samples of lymph nodes collected from Specific Pathogen Free pigs (SPF) and from PMWS positive pigs, previously tested by HE and nested-PCR (Ciacci-Zanella & Mores 2003, Ciacci-Zanella et al 2006. Sections were deparaffinized in xylene and rehydrated in decreasing graded alcohol solutions (100, 96, 80 and 70%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) by semen and viral distribution in different piglet tissues

et al. 2008

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RESUMO.-[Transmissão do circovirus suíno 2 (PCV2) pelo sêmen e distribuição do vírus nos tecidos da leitegada.] A circovirose suína é causada pelo circovirus suíno 2 (PCV-2). Dentre seis diferentes manifestações clí-nicas envolvendo sinais respiratórios, entéricos, nervosos e reprodutivos, a síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento do suíno (SMDS) é a doença mais importante e estudada. Todavia, relatos sobre falhas reprodutivas associadas ao PCV2 tem aumentado. Alguns estudos mostraram a possibilidade de contaminação das fêmeas pelo sêmen de machos positivos para PCV2. Porcine circovirus infections are caused by the porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2). Among six different clinical manifestations involving respiratory, enteric, nervous and reproductive signs, the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is the most important and studied disease. However, reproductive failures associated with PCV2 have been increasingly reported. Some studies have shown the possible contamination of sows by semen of PCV2 positive boars. In order to investigate the transmission of PCV2 by contaminated semen and its ability to infect the sow and piglets, 20 PCV2 negative sows were inseminated, 10 with negative boar semen and 10 with previously nested-PCR tested positive boar semen. The sows were weekly monitored and blood samples were collected. Based on the results, 4 out 20 sows were selected (1 sow was PCR negative and inseminated with a negative semen, 2 sows were PCR negative and inseminated with a positive semen and 1 sow was PCR negative and inseminated with a positive semen, but became PCR positive around the 30 days of pregnancy). After weaning, 12 male piglets, 3 of each sow, were selected and maintained under isolation. In order to investigate which organs harbored the virus, the young pigs were necropsied around 9 months of age. Samples of serum collected monthly were tested by immunocitochemistry (ICC), and all 12 pigs serum converted. Samples of lymphoid, systemic and reproductive organs were analyzed by nested-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Evaluation of the samples by nested-PCR, revealed that several tissues were positive in 10 of 12 pigs, mainly the lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen. Various samples were positive by IHC in 8 of 12 piglets, being the lymph nodes, tonsils and bulbourethral glands the most frequently positive. Thus, the results of testing different samples, in the 3 tests (ICC, nested-PCR and IHC) were complementary. These results show that PCV2 transmission through semen to the sows and piglets may occur and may also represent a potential risk for the herd.

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Diagnosis of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs in Brazil caused by porcine circovirus type 2

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Primer informe de circulación de Circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) en Ecuador

Primer informe de circulación de Circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) en Ecuador

A porcine circovirus-2 mutant isolated in Brazil contains low-frequency substitutions in regions of immunoprotective epitopes in the capsid protein

Transmission of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) by semen and viral distribution in different piglet tissues

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