Gastroenterite canina - agentes virais nas fezes de cães diarréicos e não diarréicos

Abstract

Foram analisadas 33 amostras de fezes de cães com diarréia (n=25) e sem diarréia (n=8), de variadas idades e raças, de ambos os sexos, a fim de se determinar a ocorrência de agentes virais considerados causadores da gastroenterite no cão, suas possíveis associações e a participação no complexo gastroenterite canina, buscando relacionar a etiologia viral com o histórico de vacinação, além do exame clínico dos animais. Utilizou-se microscopia eletrônica nas 33 amostras fecais e o teste ELISA em 71 amostras para detecção de antígeno de rotavírus e adenovírus. Partículas virais foram detectadas em 75,8% (25/33) do total de amostras diarréicas ou não, examinadas à microscopia eletrônica. Em 44% dos espécimes positivos para vírus (11/25), o vírus-like tipo 1 foi o mais detectado nas amostras fecais, seguido pelo parvovírus (24%). A ocorrência de diarréia com sangue esteve associada a 90,9% dos agentes detectados, variando em freqüência de 25% a 100% dos casos.

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of canine parvovirus (CPV) enteritis in the State of Rio de Janeiro: 1995 - 2004

“…This is in agreement with other reports that also showed the risk of infection not to be significantly higher for males than for females (Glickman et al, 1985;Houston et al, 1996) As also demonstrated by other authors (Houston et al, 1996;Homem et al, 1999), in this study, most of the diarrheic samples were obtained from 2-4 month-old puppies. It is well known that increased intestinal epithelial turnover caused by changes in the bacterial microbiota and diet (weaning) is a predisposing factor to CPV infection (McAdaragh et al, 1982;Hagiwara et al, 1996).…”

“…Although parvovirus infection can be controlled by vaccination, several reports show CPV infection in puppies to be a significant cause of morbidity in Brazil (Homem et al, 1999;Cubel Garcia et al, 2000, 2002.…”

Detection of rotavirus in dogs with diarrhea in Brazil

“…Using electron microscopy, Roseto et al (26) detected rotavirus at rates (3.5%) lower than those observed for other pathogens such as parvoviruses (23.2%) and coronaviruses (12.5%). In our study, the results obtained by this technique were similar, since for rotavirus the positivity was 3.0%, for parvovirus and coronavirus-like 30.3% and 6.0% respectively (14). Serological studies (20), however, have shown that approximately 80% of the dogs have antibodies to rotavirus, suggesting that the majority of infections may be asymptomatic.…”

“…Parvovirus, paramyxoviruses and coronavirus-like particles were also detected in 30.3%, 3.0% and 6.0%, respectively (14). Of 70 stools tested by ELISA, only one (1.4%) sample from a diarrheic case was positive for group A rotavirus by both ELISA methods, corresponding to the EMpositive sample.…”

Partial VP2 sequencing of canine parvovirus (CPV) strains circulating in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: detection of the new variant CPV-2c

“…Since its emergence in the late 1970s, canine parvovirus (CPV) has become one of the most common viruses to cause acute enteric clinical signs (such as vomiting, anorexia, lethargy and diarrhea, with or without melena) in young dogs up to 6 months old worldwide, despite of vaccination program (12,15). (2).…”