Ultrastructure (SEM) of the gills of Prochilodus Scrofa Steindachner (Pisces, Teleostei)

Eiras-Stofella, D. R.; Charvet, Patrícia

doi:10.1590/s0101-81751998000200001

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Further, a lubricant role of mucus has also been documented as assisting the fish in swimming by reducing body friction in water (Rosen and Conford, 1971) and protecting the body from abrasion during burrowing and nest digging (Schröder, 1903;Stoklosowa, 1966;Liem, 1967;Mittal and Munshi,1971). Further, the role of mucus in the buccal cavity has also been suggested previously to function in particle entrapment (Friedland, 1985;Tibbetts, 1997;Eiras-stofella and Charvet-Almeida, 1998) and in lubrication (Ezeasor and Stokoe, 1980;Martin and Blaber, 1984;Chakrabarti, 1985, 1986;Anderson, 1986;Chakrabarti and Sinha, 1987;Park and Kim, 2001;Podkowa and GoniakowskaWitalinska, 2003). Mucus has also been associated with various food processing activities: e.g., pregastric digestion (Murray et al, 1994); absorption process (Ezeasor and Stokoe, 1980;Grau et al, 1992); and extraction of nutrients from plant material digested by fish (Tibbetts, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp Cirrhinus mrigala: A scanning electron microscopic investigation

Yashpal

Kumārī

Mittal

et al. 2009

Journal of Morphology

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The buccal cavity of an herbivorous fish, Cirrhinus mrigala, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy to determine its surface ultrastructure. The buccal cavity shows significant adaptive modifications in relation to food and feeding ecology of the fish. The buccal cavity of the fish is of modest size and limited capacity, which is considered an adaptation with respect to the small-sized food items primarily consumed by the fish that could be accommodated in a small space. Modification of surface epithelial cells, on the upper jaw, into characteristic structures-the unculi-is considered an adaptation to browse or scrap, to grasp food materials, e.g., algal felts, and to protect the epithelial surface against abrasions, likely to occur during their characteristic feeding behavior. Differentiation of the highly specialized lamellar organ on the anterior region of the palate could be an adaptation playing a significant role in the selection, retention, and sorting out of palatable food particles from the unpalatable items ingested by the fish. The filamentous epithelial projections and the lingulate epithelial projections on the palatal organ in the posterior region of the palate are considered to serve a critical function in final selection, handling, maneuvering, and propelling the food particles toward the esophagus. The abundance of different categories of taste buds in the buccal cavity suggests that gustation is well developed and the fish is highly responsive in the evaluation and the selection of the preferred palatable food items. The secretions of mucous cells in the buccal cavity are associated with multiple functions-particle entrapment, lubrication of the buccal epithelium and food particles to assist smooth passage of food, and to protect the epithelium from possible abrasion. These morphological characteristics ensure efficient working of the buccal cavity in the assessment of the quality and palatability of ingested food, their retention and transport toward the esophagus. Such an adaptation may be essential in conducting the function most basic to the survival of the individuals and species-feeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp Cirrhinus mrigala: A scanning electron microscopic investigation

Yashpal

Kumārī

Mittal

et al. 2009

Journal of Morphology

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“…Moreover, in freshwater fish Prochilodus scrofa Steindachner and in seawater Eugerres brasilianus, the gill filaments are shorter on both extremities of gill arch and in the strong curvature angle region (Eiras-Stofella & Charvet-Almeida, 1998, 2000, however (Kumari et al, 2012) in catfish and Carp reported that, in gill arch the length of gill filaments is shorter on one side than the other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Morphological Studies on the Gills of Puffer Fish (Lagocephalus sceleratus, Gmelin, 1789)

Abumandour

Gewaily

2016

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:In the present study, we focused on the morphology of L. sceleratus gills using gross anatomy, scanning electron microscopy as well as light microscopy. Results of this study revealed that the gill openings appeared as simple slits anterior to the pectoral fin without distinct opercular cover. The gill system consisted of three pairs of gill arches carrying two rows of gill rakers on its concave border and gill filaments on its convex border. SEM showed that all surfaces of the gill arch were characterized by the presence of the longitudinal ridges with many taste buds in addition to many spines around the rakers. Histologically, the gill arch was composed of curved bar of hyaline cartilage with slightly elevated area corresponding to the sites of gill rakers. Each filament was formed of a thin central cartilaginous core surrounded by peripheral cartilaginous ma trix and covered by primary epithelial layer with abundant mucous cells. The chloride cells appeared mainly near to the base of secondary lamellae. Each gill filament gave rise to a very large number of secondary lamellae on both sides. The epithelial lining of the secondary lamellae comprised epithelial pavement cells, few mucous cells and pillar cells. The latter interposed the enriched blood capillaries. These findings suggest that L. sceleratus gills have characteristic morphological features that are related to adaptive functions for feeding habits, osmoregulation and respiratory mechanism with in their living environment.

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“…In contrast, gill arches either lack an angle of curvature in filter-feeding mullets Mugil cephalus (Hossler et al, 1979), M. curema, M. liza, andM. platanus (EirasStofella et al, 2001), or exhibit an acute angle of curvature, almost in the middle of the gill arches, in ilyophagous (ϭperiphyton feeder) fishes Hypostomus commersonii (Eiras-Stofella and CharvetAlmeida, 1997) and Prochilodus scrofa (Mazon et al, 1998;Eiras-Stofella and Charvet-Almeida, 1998). Based on these observations, the angle of curvature at the epi-ceratobranchial union of the gill arches can be considered to indicate the degree of expansion of the pharynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of the pharyngeal cavity, especially the surface ultrastructure of gill arches and gill rakers in relation to the feeding ecology of the catfish Rita rita (Siluriformes, Bagridae)

Kumārī

Yashpal

Mittal

et al. 2005

Journal of Morphology

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Gill arches and the gill rakers of a sluggish, carnivorous catfish, Rita rita, show significant differences of their surface ultrastructure, which are recognized adaptive modifications in relation to food and feeding ecology of fish. Gill rakers on the first and second pairs of gill arches are borne on the oral side and are long and stout at the epi-ceratobranchial union. Gill rakers on the third and fourth pairs of gill arches, in contrast, are borne on the oral and aboral sides and are relatively delicate and short. Long and stout gill rakers on the first and second pairs of gill arches are considered primarily to prevent entry of undesirably large food items into the pharynx. Two types of taste buds, Type I and Type II, occur on the gill arches and the gill rakers. The raised taste buds, located at the apical ends of the gill rakers on the third, fourth, and the fifth pairs of gill arches could increase gustatory efficiency in the pharynx. Differences in the distribution of taste buds on the pharyngeal sides of different gill arches indicate that the posterior part of the pharynx plays a more crucial role in gustation than does the anterior part. Co-occurrence of teeth and taste buds on the epi- and hypopharyngeal bones denotes that food processing and gustation occur simultaneously in the pharynx. Villiform and caniform teeth on the epi- and hypopharyngeal bones are associated with a complex food-processing cycle. Mucous secretions, oozing through mucous cell openings, provide lubrication facilitating smooth passage of food through the pharynx. The angle of curvature at the epi-ceratobranchial union of the first to fourth pairs of gill arches could assist the ventral drag of ceratobranchials in lowering of the pharyngeal floor, thus resulting in a great expansion of the pharynx, as needed to accommodate the large quantities of food captured.

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Ultrastructure (SEM) of the gills of Prochilodus Scrofa Steindachner (Pisces, Teleostei)

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp Cirrhinus mrigala: A scanning electron microscopic investigation

Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp Cirrhinus mrigala: A scanning electron microscopic investigation

Morphological Studies on the Gills of Puffer Fish (Lagocephalus sceleratus, Gmelin, 1789)

Morphology of the pharyngeal cavity, especially the surface ultrastructure of gill arches and gill rakers in relation to the feeding ecology of the catfish Rita rita (Siluriformes, Bagridae)

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