Las actuales propuestas y desafíos en educación: el caso Ecuatoriano

Abstract

RESUMEN:El presente artículo busca explicar analíticamente el actual escenario de intereses confl ictivos en Ecuador, referidos a la estructura y principales objetivos del sistema educativo a escala nacional. Este análisis demuestra que los cambios en el interior de la educación durante los últimos cuatro años, correspondientes al gobierno de Rafael Correa, no tienen una clara política estatal y no responden a una concepción nacionalista. Esas contraposiciones se expresaron principalmente al momento de tomar posición ante la nueva ley de educación, que fue aprobada en este año. Sin embargo, hay importantes cambios en orden a fi nanciar las políticas sociales y, desde la aprobación del Plan Decenal de Educación en 2006, se han implementado reformas que están transformando la situación en el interior de los establecimientos educativos en el Ecuador.Palabras clave: Política de educación. Educación Siglo ѥѥі. Equador. Rafael Correa. Reforma en educación. CѢџџђћѡ ѝџќѝќѠюљѠ юћё ѐѕюљљђћєђѠ іћ ђёѢѐюѡіќћ: ѡѕђ EѐѢюёќџіюћ ѐюѠђABSTRACT: This paper seeks to explain analytically the present scenario of confl icting interests in Ecuador regarding the structure and main objectives of the education system at the national level. Its analysis shows that the changes within education in Ecuador these last four years, i.e., during the Correa administration, do not present a clear state policy or respond to a nationalist conception. Such discrepancies were mainly expressed when it came to taking a stance on the new educational law, approved this year. However, there are important changes in order to fi nance social policies and aĞ er the Decennial Plan of National Education was approved in 2006, reforms have been implemented to transform the situation inside Ecuadorian schools.

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“…These included dollarization and sharp cutbacks on social spending, especially in education. For instance, whereas in 1981 government spending on education was 5.4% of GDP, by the year 2000 it had decreased to 1.8% (Isch 2011). Austerity measures contributed to a public education system that was widely underfunded and illequipped to absorb a growing population (Arcos 2008;Baxter 2016).…”

Social class and the construction of international mindedness: A comparative study of International Baccalaureate schools in Ecuador

“…Additionally, austerity measures were imposed which included sharp cutbacks in government spending on education. For instance, while in 1981 government spending on education was 5.4 percent of GDP, by the year 2000 it had decreased to 1.8 percent (Isch, 2011).…”

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“…En el Ecuador en la década de los 60 y 70 si bien la educación se caracterizó por una apreciación alta de la escuela pública (Isch, 2011) podemos afirmar que se trataba de un modelo excluyente. La escuela aceptaba solo a los niños considerados "normales" mientras que los "diferentes" no encontraban ni el acceso ni los itinerarios necesarios según sus necesidades.…”