Disfunção pré-frontoparietal durante o processamento de informação visuoauditiva em pacientes idosos com esquizofrenia crônica e efeitos da medicação

Schmitt, Aurore; Otto, Sylvia; Jatzko, Alexander; Ruf, Matthias; Demirakça, Traute; Tost, Heike; Gruber, Oliver; Parlapani, Eleni; Falkai, Peter; Braus, Dieter F.

doi:10.1590/s0101-60832009000300002

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…Dysexecutive syndromes might present an array of somewhat distinct behavioral manifestations, ranging from apathetic to disinhibited pictures, as well as one or more cognitive impairments, such as inattention, poor planning abilities, working memory deficits, among others. Different degrees and profiles of dysexecutive syndromes have been described in several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 2 , eating disorders 3 , schizophrenia 4,5 , bipolar disorders 6 , among others. Deficits in EFs may also be found in frontotemporal lobar degeneration 7 and in persons with lesions in prefrontal cortex 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Síndromes disexecutivas do desenvolvimento e adquiridas na prática clínica: três relatos de caso

Borges¹,

Coutinho²,

Miele³

et al. 2010

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Dysexecutive syndromes are often observed in several neuropsychiatric conditions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), traumatic brain injuries (TBI) or schizophrenia, and usually associate with significant impairments, including familial, academic and professional areas. The present paper aims at presenting three cases of executive functions (EFs) deficits where despite having normal IQ, all subjects' exhibit significant functional and social impairment. The first case describes a young woman who suffered a TBI and her complaints relates to difficulties in memory for new material, apathy, less persistency and initiative. The second case is about a middle-age woman facing problems since kindergarten and with unsuccessful treatments and no formal diagnosis. In this case, collateral report suggests the presence of planning difficulties, some antisocial behavior, delay gratification aversion, poor activation and time estimation deficits. The last case refers to a middle-age man, evaluated after a severe TBI following a car accident. He presented some behavioral changes, such as disinhibition, lack of persistency and inattentive deficits that occur in a more severe level than presented during his childhood, despite having normal performance in tests of EFs. The evaluation of (developmental or acquired) EF deficits might be extremely important for providing adequate therapeutic approach in order to decrease related impairments in everyday activities. M, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(6):285-90 Keywords: Neuropsychology, executive functions, TBI, personality. Borges ResumoSíndromes disexecutivas podem ser observadas em diversas condições neuropsiquiátricas, como transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH), traumatismos cranioencefálicos (TCE) ou esquizofrenia, frequentemente se associando à ampla gama de comprometimento, incluindo ambientes familiar, acadêmico e profissional. O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar três casos de disfunções executivas, nos quais, embora todos os pacientes tenham QI dentro dos limites da normalidade, existe significativo comprometimento social e ocupacional. O primeiro caso apresenta uma jovem que sofreu TCE, com queixas de dificuldades de memória para material novo, além de apatia e diminuição de iniciativa e persistência. O segundo caso versa sobre uma mulher que apresenta problemas desde a educação infantil, com histórico de tratamentos ineficazes e nenhum diagnóstico formal. Segundo relato de informante colateral, há déficits de planejamento, comportamentos antissociais, aversão a gratificações tardias e dificuldades de ativação. O último caso refere-se a indivíduo do sexo masculino, avaliado depois de grave TCE após acidente de carro. Há relato de mudança de comportamento com desinibição, diminuição da persistência e desatenção, relatadas como mais graves do que as apresentadas durante a infância, apesar de desempenho normal em testes de funções executivas. A avaliação de disfunções executivas (do desenvolvimento ou adquiridas) pode s...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Síndromes disexecutivas do desenvolvimento e adquiridas na prática clínica: três relatos de caso

Borges¹,

Coutinho²,

Miele³

et al. 2010

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia

2011

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Increased Density of Prohibitin-Immunoreactive Oligodendrocytes in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal White Matter of Subjects with Schizophrenia Suggests Extraneuronal Roles for the Protein in the Disease

et al. 2012

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Prohibitin has previously been implicated in the synaptic pathology of schizophrenia. The recently discovered abundant expression of prohibitin in human prefrontal oligodendrocytes raises the issue, whether this protein might also be part of the well-known white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia. Hence, post-mortem brains of ten patients with schizophrenia and ten matched control cases were investigated. Using a direct, 3D-counting technique we morphometrically analyzed the number and density of prohibitin-immunoreactive oligodendroglial cells in the left and right dorsolateral, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortex white matter. Additionally, we studied the prohibitin expression in different neuronal and non-neuronal cell populations in rat cell cultures. We could confirm the strong expression of prohibitin in oligodendrocytes. Intracellularly, the protein was localized to mitochondria and some cell nuclei. In schizophrenia, the numerical density of prohibitin-expressing oligodendrocytes was significantly increased in the right dorsolateral white matter area. Taking into consideration the dual intracellular localization of prohibitin in oligodendrocyte mitochondria and cell nuclei, one may suggest an involvement of the protein in mitochondrial dysfunction and/or cycle abnormalities in schizophrenia.

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Disfunção pré-frontoparietal durante o processamento de informação visuoauditiva em pacientes idosos com esquizofrenia crônica e efeitos da medicação

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

Síndromes disexecutivas do desenvolvimento e adquiridas na prática clínica: três relatos de caso

Síndromes disexecutivas do desenvolvimento e adquiridas na prática clínica: três relatos de caso

Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia

Increased Density of Prohibitin-Immunoreactive Oligodendrocytes in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal White Matter of Subjects with Schizophrenia Suggests Extraneuronal Roles for the Protein in the Disease

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