A Inserção do migrante rural no mercado de trabalho urbano no Brasil: uma análise empírica da importância dos setores informal e formal

Abstract

Recebido em 13 de junho de 2011. Aceito em 11 de setembro de 2012. ResumoEste artigo analisa a inserção do migrante rural-urbano no mercado de trabalho urbano no Brasil. Primeiro, fornece evidências sobre a importância do capital humano para a inserção do migrante brasileiro entre setores formal e informal. Em segundo lugar, investiga se o setor informal funciona como um estágio de transição para os migrantes à procura de um emprego melhor no setor formal e, em terceiro, examina se a alocação do migrante rural-urbano no mercado de trabalho reflete a sua melhor escolha possível, considerando os retornos esperados para as características individuais. Os resultados indicam que a probabilidade de ingresso do migrante no setor formal é diretamente relacionada com a dotação de capital humano, e que há barreiras à entrada em alguns segmentos. As evidências sugerem que boa parte dos migrantes ocupados como assalariados na economia informal procura, após certo tempo de vida nas cidades, um melhor emprego no setor formal. Palavras-Chave migração rural-urbana, capital humano, setor informal, escolha ocupacional AbstractThis paper provides an empirical analysis of the insertion of the rural-urban migrant into the urban labor market in Brazil. Three different aspects are specifically considered. First, it provides evidence for the importance of human capital to the insertion of Brazilian rural-urban migrants between formal and informal sector. Second, it investigates if the Brazilian informal sector can be considered as a transitory stage for the migrant who intends to work in the formal sector. Finally, it analyses if the observed insertion of Brazilian rural-urban migrant in the labor market reflects his best possible choice given expected returns to his individual characteristics. The results indicate that the migrant ♦ Os autores agradecem o CNPQ pelo apoio financeiro por meio do Edital CNPq 02/2010Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Sociais Aplicadas, Processo nº 401476/2010-3.

Re-examining the Brazilian South–Northeast labour income gap: A decomposition approach

“…This makes the influence of spatial sorting less important since these indicators can be correlated with unobservable individual heterogeneity (Duranton and Monatiriotis 2002). In this regard, we observe that, in the case of the US, Baun-Snow and Pavan (2012) showed that most spatial sorting is explained by observed characteristics, and that Ramalho and Silveira Neto (2012) indicated that in the case of Brazilian rural-urban migrants, labour market insertion is strongly associated with schooling and occupation. Given these caveats, it appears plausible to assume that our results are not substantively affect by these different kinds of selection bias.…”

Migration of labor: differential of income between rural and urban trade union workers in Brazil

“…According to Ramalho and Silveira Neto (2007, 2012), Ojima et al (2007) and Russo et al (2016), in general, urban workers are more educated and better paid than rural workers. In this work, the results converge in that same sense; however, this information must be compared with the literature [24] with caution, since the classification criterion in this work is different than those mentioned above.…”

“…After this synthesis on the classic theories that seek to explain the migration of workers has been presented, some empirical works on the Brazilian literature referring to the rural–urban migratory process and the differential of income between the rural and urban labor market are discussed below. Some of the main works in the country are those of Martine (1987, 1992), Lima (1995), Amaral et al (2002), Justo (2006), Ramalho and Silveira Neto (2007, 2012) and Russo et al (2016). It should be emphasized that in the Brazilian academic literature, there are only a few empirical studies on rural–urban migration, mainly referring to movements considered to be of short duration ( e.g.…”

“…Ramalho and Silveira Neto (2012) analyzed the insertion of rural migrants in the Brazilian formal and informal job markets. The authors used the 2000 Demographic Census as a database.…”

Risk factors and prevalence of enteroparasitic diseases in Shellfish Pickers from a lake area in the Northeast of Brazil

“…The extreme precariousness of artisanal fishing increases the likelihood of fishers suffering accidents and contracting diseases due to the significant physical effort required, climatic variations and contact with pathological agents in an environment with not enough basic sanitation [29][30][31] . Thus, the age is a restrain factor for shellfish pickers, reducing their working period, which could explain the negative results in all "marisqueiras" aging above 60 years old.…”