A convivência familiar e comunitária é direito da criança e do adolescente e uma realidade a ser repensada pela escola

Abstract

RESUMO:O tema sobre a convivência familiar e comunitária como um direito de crianças e adolescentes, à primeira vista, se mostra bastante abstrato e ocupando ao mesmo tempo um lugarcomum. A sociedade aceita facilmente o fato de que toda criança tem direito a nascer e crescer em um lar saudável, protegido e seguro. Entretanto, muitas são as crianças que enfrentam situações de extrema vulnerabilidade pessoal e social, tendo que se afastar de suas famílias de origem para viver em situação de abrigamento, como medida protetiva. Este artigo tem como objetivo principal, a partir do que está preconizado no Plano Nacional de Promoção, Proteção e Defesa do Direito de Crianças e Adolescentes à Convivência Familiar e Comunitária e em leis anteriores (Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1988 e na Lei n. 8069/90 -Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente), apresentar uma análise sobre os desafios e transformações que serão imprescindíveis para que esse direito seja efetivado, abordando os principais aspectos que envolvem as responsabilidades das políticas sociais brasileiras, com ên-fase na educação pública.

Serviço de Acolhimento Institucional para Crianças e Adolescentes: feedback effects, inflexões e desafios atuais

“…As a result, in 2006 the Council and the CNAS approved the National Plan for the Promotion, Protection and Defense of Child and Adolescent's Right to Family and Communitarian Life. According to Nery (2010), this plan set the conceptual parameters for the restructuring of social services, including the institutional shelter. The 2009 Joint Resolution n o 1 approved by Conanda and CNAS summarized the directives for the provision of institutional shelter under the title Technical Guidelines: Institutional Shelter Services for Children and Adolescents.…”

Home Visit: Care Technology Used by Nurses to Advocate for Child's Health

“…In this sense, we must recognize the fact that the family can become the focus of the conflict, revealing itself as a silent space for the violation of children's rights, where violence assumes different forms (negligence, psychological, physical or sexual violence) with aggression, exploration, and/or drug addiction, potentially triggering sequelae and even death. [20][21] By committing to doing their best to uncover what is happening with the child, professionals create their own tools, such as seeking additional information from neighbors, recognizing them as important sources of information, which can be the starting point for what is often urgent action regarding protection and advocacy for the child. However, the health team needs to be careful and develop communication skills, with the ability to obtain information in a humane manner, respecting ethical principles when working with families.…”

“…23 Brazilian laws and public policies, such as the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, the Statute of Children and Adolescents, the National Policy toward the right of children to living with the family and in a community, recommend that all children and adolescents need to have a family whose bonds are protected by the state and society; whereas in the face of social vulnerability or personal and family fragility, interventional strategies should prioritize actions to strengthen or renew ties, or even stimulate their formation, combining socio-economic support for the development of new forms of interaction and access to public goods and services; recognizing the need for multidisciplinary and intersectional vision to provide answers to the complexity of those situation. 20 The relationships between public health and human rights must be effective to ensure that health care will be considered as a human right, and reaffirm that the perception and the radical construction of our human community are configured as possible and necessary work in both the health and justice fields.…”

“…However, the recognition that the family approach may involve different experiences, full of representations, opinions and reactions must also be relevant. 20 Parents and family members are considered primary figures for child care and advocacy; and the professionals who assist this audience need to have the conditions and knowledge related to the advocacy for children's rights, and occupy a space of proximity that allows the identification of demands, needs and/or violations, imposing a position of great responsibility for the child's well-being. 8,11 It is important for nurses to focus their work on the principles of primary health care, covering the comprehensiveness and the bond with the enrolled population, conducting longitudinal follow-up, integrating the development of care, and sharing accountability between users and professionals to solve problems.…”

Os direitos da criança e do adolescente na percepção de adolescentes dos contextos urbano e rural

“…Sendo dinâmica, a família tem a possibilidade de reorganizar-se frente às dificuldades e aos desafios, ponto de importante compreensão quando se fala em famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade (Brasil, 2006). Frente à fragilização familiar, as intervenções devem focar a reconstituição ou mesmo a formação dos vínculos familiares, fortalecendo-se o núcleo familiar, sendo fundamental a integração das políticas sociais (Nery, 2010).…”