Produção de inóculo do cogumelo comestível Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quélet - CCB19 a partir de resíduos da agroindústria

Abstract

ResumoOs cogumelos comestíveis são muito apreciados pelo sabor e qualidades nutricionais. Resíduos lignocelulósicos da agroindústria são excelentes substratos tanto para sua produção como para propagação do micélio (inóculo ou semente). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar três resíduos oriundos do processamento de alimentos, palha de arroz (PA), sabugo de milho (SM) e casca de amendoim (CA) para produção de inóculo de Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB19. As sementes foram posteriormente inoculadas em sacos contendo 150 g de uma mistura de farelo de trigo:palha de milho:casca de amendoim na proporção 5:2:3. Os corpos de frutificação foram colhidos e a eficiência biológica (EB), produtividade e tamanho foram calculados. A semente proveniente de PA foi mais eficiente na colonização, com média de 43% de EB e com os maiores píleos. No entanto, o menor tempo para frutificação ocorreu nos cultivos semeados com sementes de SM. As médias de EB foram de 28 e 23% em SM e CA, respectivamente, demonstrando a viabilidade do processo. Palavras-chave: semente; basidiomicetos; proteína alimentar; basidiocarpo. AbstractEdible mushrooms are appreciated for their taste and nutritional qualities. Lignocellulosic wastes are excellent substrates for their production and mycelium propagation (inoculum or spawn). The aim of this work was to evaluate three agricultural residues: rice straw, corncob and peanut husk to produce Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB19 spawn. The spawns were inoculated in bags containing 150 g of a mixture of wheat bran: corn husk:peanut husk (5:2:3). The fruit bodies were harvested from the substrate and biological efficiencies, yield and size were calculated. The rice straw spawn produced the highest body fruit, showing a biological efficiency of 43%. However, the least time for fructification was with corncob powder spawn. Larger mushrooms were obtained when rice straw was used as spawn. The means of the EB were 28 and 23% in corn cob and peanut husk, respectively.

The production of Pleurotus sajor-caju in peach palm leaves (Bactris gasipaes) and evaluation of its use to enrich wheat flour

“…However, the addition of wheat flour with 5 or 10% mushroom powder reduced the sugar content, but it did not increase the fat content, remaining similar to the flour without Pleurotus sajor-caju had 48.4% yield (Experiment 3 - Table 2), similar to the results found for P. ostreatus (46.67%) banana straw (Furlan et al, 2008), and P. pulmonarius (43%) in corn straw (Oliveira et al, 2007). Biological efficiency values varying from 4.08 to 5.03% were found in literature (Bhatti et al, 2007;Holtz et al, 2009;Furlan et al, 2008), values that are similar to those found in this study (4.5%).…”

Cultivation and nutritional studies of an edible mushroom from North Brazil

“…The biological efficiency (EB), production rate (TP) and productivity (P) of P. ostreatoroseus DPUA 1720 were 22.90, 54.33 and 3.55% in CE+RB (800 g: 200 g), 60% humidity in dry basis, respectively. Close values were obtained by Oliveira et al (2007) using peanut bark to produce P. pulmonarius. The biological efficiency was around 23% and productivity was 4.58%.…”

“…Low values of biological efficiency can be explained by the organism genetics, culture conditions, substrates composition and its proportion used in the process. Besides, the biological efficiency can interfere in environmental factors as temperature, humidity, luminosity and pH (Oliveira et al, 2007).…”

“…The basidiomata were collected, weighed and dehydrated at 40ºC in a forced air circulation oven. Four parameters of production performance were analyzed: biological efficiency (EB) (Equation 2), productivity (P) (Equation III), production rate (TP) (Equation IV) and loss of organic matter determination (PMO) (Equation V) (Dias et al, 2003;Oliveira et al, 2007;Holtz et al, 2009) …”

Sabugo de milho e carvão ativado na produção de Lacase e Basidiomas de Pleurotus sp

“…A produção de inóculo de P. pulmonarius também foi avaliada em cascas de amendoim, sabugo de milho e palha de arroz (OLIVEIRA et al, 2007), bem como a produção de basidiomas de P. sajorcaju em substratos à base de casca de café, palha e sabugo de milho, ou da palha do feijoeiro (DIAS et al, 2003). A palha de arroz, folhas de bananeira, capim-elefante também foram citados por Obodai, Cleland-Okine e Vowotor (2003) para o cultivo do P. ostreatus.…”