Salt and insulin sensitivity after short and prolonged high salt intake in elderly subjects

Lima, Nereida Kilza da Costa; Tozetto, David José Oliveira; Lima, Leandra G.; Nobre, Fernando; Moriguti, Júlio C.; Ferriolli, Eduardo; Foss, Milton César

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2009000800008

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…No effect was found on plasma cholesterol or triglyceride levels after 12-week supplementation with the alginate-based beverage compared to the control beverage (56). However, whether the higher sodium intake by the subjects receiving alginate supplementation may have blunted the potential lipid-lowering effect is not clear (97,98).…”

Section: Evidence From Human Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: efficacy of alginate supplementation in relation to appetite regulation and metabolic risk factors: evidence from animal and human studies

et al. 2012

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This review provides a critical update on human and animal studies investigating the effect of alginate supplementation on appetite regulation, glycaemic and insulinemic responses, and lipid metabolism with discussion of the evidence on potential mechanisms, efficacy and tolerability. Dependent on vehicle applied for alginate supplementation, the majority of animal and human studies suggest that alginate consumption does suppress satiety and to some extent energy intake. Only one long-term intervention trial found effects on weight loss. In addition, alginates seem to exhibit beneficial influence on postprandial glucose absorption and insulin response in animals and humans. However, alginate supplementation was only found to have cholesterol-lowering properties in animals. Several mechanisms have been suggested for the positive effect observed, which involve delayed gastric emptying, increased viscosity of digesta and slowed nutrient absorption in the small intestine upon alginate gel formation. Despite reasonable efficacy and tolerability from the acute or short-term studies, we still realize there is a critical need for development of optimal alginate types and vehicles as well as studies on further long-term investigation on alginate supplementation in humans before inferring that it could be useful in the management of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Evidence From Human Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: efficacy of alginate supplementation in relation to appetite regulation and metabolic risk factors: evidence from animal and human studies

et al. 2012

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“…Regarding the main strategies to prolong SE duration, there are some evidences suggesting that high-carbohydrate (CHO) availability has an important role (ES ranging from 0.7 to 2.4) (5–7). We have previously demonstrated that the time to exhaustion during an SE was increased after 48 h under a high-CHO diet, when compared to an isocaloric, low-CHO diet (ES=2.4) (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-CHO diet increases post-exercise oxygen consumption after a supramaximal exercise bout

Ferreira

Bertuzzi

De-Oliveira

et al. 2016

Braz J Med Biol Res

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We investigated if carbohydrate (CHO) availability could affect the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after a single supramaximal exercise bout. Five physically active men cycled at 115% of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2 peak) until exhaustion with low or high pre-exercise CHO availability. The endogenous CHO stores were manipulated by performing a glycogen-depletion exercise protocol 48 h before the trial, followed by 48 h consuming either a low- (10% CHO) or a high-CHO (80% CHO) diet regime. Compared to the low-CHO diet, the high-CHO diet increased time to exhaustion (3.0±0.6 min vs 4.4±0.6, respectively, P=0.01) and the total O2 consumption during the exercise (6.9±0.9 L and 11.3±2.1, respectively, P=0.01). This was accompanied by a higher EPOC magnitude (4.6±1.8 L vs 6.2±2.8, respectively, P=0.03) and a greater total O2 consumption throughout the session (exercise+recovery: 11.5±2.5 L vs 17.5±4.2, respectively, P=0.01). These results suggest that a single bout of supramaximal exercise performed with high CHO availability increases both exercise and post-exercise energy expenditure.

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“…Na + intake has also been associated with insulin resistance (Lima et al 2009), and its effect on glycemic control has been explored. When consumed with carbohydrates, the acute intake of Na + enhances glucose absorption in the small intestine (Fordtran et al 1968;Ferrannini et al 1982) and increases postprandial glycemia (Ferrannini et al 1982; Thorburn et al 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute sodium ingestion has no effect on short-term food and water intake, subjective appetite, thirst, or glycemic response in healthy young men

Nunez

Mollard

Luhovyy

et al. 2013

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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The high intake of dietary sodium (Na(+)) has been associated with obesity and insulin resistance, sparking the hypothesis that the consumption of salty foods affects food intake (FI) and postprandial blood glucose (BG) response. Therefore, we conducted 2 randomized repeated-measures experiments to examine the acute effects of the Na(+) content of solid food and beverage on FI, water intake (WI), subjective appetite, thirst, and BG. FI and WI were measured at ad libitum pizza test meals; appetite, thirst, and BG were measured at baseline and at regular intervals before and after meals. In the first experiment, 16 males (mean body mass index (BMI), 22.2 kg·m(-2)) consumed a low-Na(+) (71 mg) bean preload (300 kcal) with or without 740 mg or 1480 mg of added Na(+) 120 min prior to the pizza meal. Participants ate 116 kcal more at the test meal after consuming beans with 740 mg of added Na(+) than after beans with 1480 mg of added Na(+). In the second experiment, 19 males (mean BMI, 23.2 kg·m(-2)) consumed a low-Na(+) (62 mg) tomato beverage (73 kcal) with or without 500, 1000, 1500, or 2000 mg of added Na(+) 30 min prior to a pizza meal. The beverage with 2000 mg of added Na(+) led to higher WI during the pizza meal than the beverage with 500 mg of added Na(+). However, compared with the control conditions (no added Na(+)), added Na(+) treatments had no effect on dependent measures in either experiment. In conclusion, the acute intake of Na(+), in a solid or liquid form, did not affect short-term subjective ratings of appetite or thirst, ad libitum FI or WI, or BG in healthy young men.

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Salt and insulin sensitivity after short and prolonged high salt intake in elderly subjects

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Review: efficacy of alginate supplementation in relation to appetite regulation and metabolic risk factors: evidence from animal and human studies

Review: efficacy of alginate supplementation in relation to appetite regulation and metabolic risk factors: evidence from animal and human studies

High-CHO diet increases post-exercise oxygen consumption after a supramaximal exercise bout

Acute sodium ingestion has no effect on short-term food and water intake, subjective appetite, thirst, or glycemic response in healthy young men

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