Effect of an aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis on blood glucose, plasma insulin and some polyol pathway enzymes in experimental rat diabetes

Abstract

The effects of an aqueous extract of the plant Scoparia dulcis (200 mg/ kg) on the polyol pathway and lipid peroxidation were examined in the liver of streptozotocin adult diabetic male albino Wistar rats. The diabetic control rats (N = 6) presented a significant increase in blood glucose, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid peroxidation markers such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides, and a significant decrease in plasma insulin and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to normal rats (N = 6). Scoparia dulcis plant extract (SPEt, 200 mg kg -1 day -1 ) and glibenclamide (600 µg kg -1 day -1 ), a reference drug, were administered by gavage for 6 weeks to diabetic rats (N = 6 for each group) and significantly reduced blood glucose, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glycosylated hemoglobin, TBARS, and hydroperoxides, and significantly increased plasma insulin, GPx, GST and GSH activities in liver. The effect of the SPEt was compared with that of glibenclamide. The effect of the extract may have been due to the decreased influx of glucose into the polyol pathway leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and plasma insulin and decreased activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase. These results indicate that the SPEt was effective in attenuating hyperglycemia in rats and their susceptibility to oxygen free radicals.

Antidiabetic Effect of Ipomoea Batatas in Normal and AlloxanInduced Diabetic Rats

“…However, with maximum decreases of 52.18, 69.67 and 59.24% respectively 200mg/kg, 300mg/kg and 400mg/kg considerably less than normal glycaemic index implied that the stimulation of the undamaged/survivor beta cells to facilitate insulin secretion appeared the likely mode. Similar explanation has been put forward on a number of plants believed to have anti-hyperglycaemic and insulin stimulatory effects (36,37,38) . It was obvious that the extracts effectively attenuated the diabetogenic agent inflammatory response to enhance the activity of insulin producing beta cells besides,saponins and glycosides found in the extract are strongly linked with hypoglycaemic activity with the saponins component speculated to act as direct hypoglycaemic agent (26) .…”

The essential oil from Lippia alba induces biochemical stress in the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after transportation

“…The major cellular thiol that participates in cellular redox reactions -NPSHdisplayed an important role in the detoxification of electrophilic metabolites catalyzed by GST (Sies, 1999;Latha & Pari, 2004).…”

Chemical composition and anti-diabetic properties of Jatropha curcas leaves extract on alloxan induced diabetic wistar rats

“…The levels of AST in the body are indicative of tissue damage and diseases and the amount released is proportional to the level of damage sustained (Evelson et al, 2005) increased with liver diseases in all species. A number of other plants have been reported to have anti-hyperglycemic and insulin stimulatory effects (Latha and Pari, 2003;Latha and Pari, 2004;Pari and Venkateswaran, 2002). Increase in the activities of serum AST, ALT, and ALP may be mainly due to the leakage of these enzymes from the liver cytosol into the blood stream (El-Demerdash and Abou, 2005), which gives an indication of the hepatotoxic effect of J. curcas.…”