Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with an intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir implant

Muccioli, Cristina; Belfort, Rubens

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2000000700008

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Gancyclovir implants can still be effective after therapy failure under systemic gancyclovir or foscarnet due to the significantly higher intraocular gancyclovir concentration produced by the implants [90]. However, there is no protection against further spread of the infection to other organs or to the contralateral eye [91–93]. …”

Section: Results/guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients: a guideline by the German and Austrian AIDS societies (DAIG/ÖAG) (AWMF 055/066)

Thoden¹,

Potthoff

Bogner³

et al. 2013

Infection

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IntroductionThere was a growing need for practical guidelines for the most common OIs in Germany and Austria under consideration of the local epidemiological conditions.Materials and methodsThe German and Austrian AIDS societies developed these guidelines between March 2010 and November 2011. A structured Medline research was performed for 12 diseases, namely Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, cerebral toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus manifestations, candidiasis, herpes simplex virus infections, varizella zoster virus infections, progressive multifocal leucencephalopathy, cryptosporidiosis, cryptococcosis, nontuberculosis mycobacteria infections and tuberculosis. Due to the lack of evidence by randomized controlled trials, part of the guidelines reflects expert opinions. The German version was accepted by the German and Austrian AIDS Societies and was previously published by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF; German Association of the Scientific Medical Societies).ConclusionThe review presented here is a translation of a short version of the German–Austrian Guidelines of opportunistic infections in HIV patients. These guidelines are well-accepted in a clinical setting in both Germany and Austria. They lead to a similar treatment of a heterogeneous group of patients in these countries.

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Section: Results/guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients: a guideline by the German and Austrian AIDS societies (DAIG/ÖAG) (AWMF 055/066)

Thoden¹,

Potthoff

Bogner³

et al. 2013

Infection

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show abstract

“…The device possesses weighs 4.5 mg and has a shell made of PVA/EVA which allows the unhurried release of the therapeutic principle for a period ranging from 5 to 8 months. In parallel with this reality the product does not present systemic toxicity and is available at a reduced price [113,114,115,116].…”

Section: Drug Delivery Systems For Ocular Routementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Formulation Approaches for Ocular Drug Delivery: State-Of-The-Art and Recent Patents

et al. 2019

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The eye presents extensive perspectives and challenges for drug delivery, mainly because of the extraordinary capacity, intrinsic to this path, for drugs to permeate into the main circulatory system and also for the restrictions of the ocular barriers. Depending on the target segment of the eye, anterior or posterior, the specifications are different. The ocular route experienced in the last decades a lot of progresses related with the development of new drugs, improved formulations, specific-designed delivery and even new routes to administer a drug. Concomitantly, new categories of materials were developed and adapted to encapsulate drugs. With such advances, a multiplicity of parameters became possible to be optimized as the increase in bioavailability and decreased toxic effects of medicines. Also, the formulations were capable to easily adhere to specific tissues, increase the duration of the therapeutic effect and even target the delivery of the treatment. The ascending of new delivery systems for ocular targeting is a current focus, mainly because of the capacity to extend the normal time during which the drug exerts its therapeutic effect and, so, supplying the patients with a product which gives them fewer side effects, fewer number of applications and even more effective outcomes to their pathologies, surpassing the traditionally-used eye drops. Depending on the systems, some are capable of increasing the duration of the drug action as gels, emulsions, prodrugs, liposomes, and ocular inserts with hydrophilic properties, improving the absorption by the cornea. In parallel, other devices use as a strategy the capacity to sustain the release of the carried drugs by means of erodible and non-erodible matrices. This review discusses the different types of advanced formulations used for ocular delivery of therapeutics presenting the most recent patents according to the clinical applications.

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Opportunistic Infections

Georgiev

2009

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH

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Fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed hosts, such as patients with HIV-1 infection and those who are otherwise neutropenic. Thus, antifungal prophylaxis has become important in the care of patients with AIDS, transplant recipients, persons receiving chemotherapy, and other at-risk persons. This first installment in a 3-part series on opportunistic fungal infections in the immunocompromised person reviews the pathogenesis of opportunistic fungal infections in select at-risk populations and the pharmacotherapeutic armamentarium available for prophylaxis and treatment. [Infect Med. 2008;25:448-456, 473]

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Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with an intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir implant

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Therapy and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients: a guideline by the German and Austrian AIDS societies (DAIG/ÖAG) (AWMF 055/066)

Therapy and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients: a guideline by the German and Austrian AIDS societies (DAIG/ÖAG) (AWMF 055/066)

Advanced Formulation Approaches for Ocular Drug Delivery: State-Of-The-Art and Recent Patents

Opportunistic Infections

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