Mouse inoculation for the detection of non-cultivable gastric tightly spiralled bacteria

Mendes, Eulália; Queiroz, Dulciene Maria Magalhães; Moura, Sílvia B.; Rocha, Gifone A.

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x1998000300007

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Domestic swine may also be naturally infected with "H. heilmannii," with a prevalence of about 10% when evaluated by histologic testing (185,277,278,327) but as high as 50 to 60% when evaluated by the more sensitive mouse inoculation assay (276,326). Infection is associated with mononuclear inflammation and lymphoid follicles in the pylorus.…”

Section: "Helicobacter Heilmannii"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of DiverseHelicobacterSpecies in the Pathogenesis of Gastric and Enterohepatic Diseases

2001

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Since Helicobacter pylori was first cultivated from human gastric biopsy specimens in 1982, it has become apparent that many related species can often be found colonizing the mucosal surfaces of humans and other animals. These other Helicobacter species can be broadly grouped according to whether they colonize the gastric or enterohepatic niche. Gastric Helicobacter species are widely distributed in mammalian hosts and are often nearly universally prevalent. In many cases they cause an inflammatory response resembling that seen with H. pylori in humans. Although usually not pathogenic in their natural host, these organisms serve as models of human disease. Enterohepatic Helicobacter species are an equally diverse group of organisms that have been identified in the intestinal tract and the liver of humans, other mammals, and birds. In many cases they have been linked with inflammation or malignant transformation in immunocompetent hosts and with more severe clinical disease in immunocompromised humans and animals. The purpose of this review is to describe these other Helicobacter species, characterize their role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal and enterohepatic disease, and discuss their implications for our understanding of H. pylori infection in humans

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Section: "Helicobacter Heilmannii"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of DiverseHelicobacterSpecies in the Pathogenesis of Gastric and Enterohepatic Diseases

2001

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“…Only mouse inoculation can be used to isolate this bacterium from infected pig stomach mucosa (Mendes et al, 1998). This is undoubtedly one of the major reasons why experimental studies on the actual relation between 'Candidatus H. suis' infection and gastric pathology are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Infection of Pigs with ‘Candidatus Helicobacter suis’

et al. 2006

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'Candidatus Helicobacter suis' is a spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the stomach of more than 60% of slaughter pigs. The role of 'Candidatus Helicobacter suis' in gastric disease of pigs is still unclear. Experimental studies in pigs are lacking because this bacterium is unculturable until now. An inoculation protocol using 'Candidatus Helicobacter suis' infected mouse stomach homogenate was used to reproduce the infection in pigs. Control animals were inoculated using negative mouse stomach homogenate. Pigs were inoculated three times with one-week intervals and euthanized 6 weeks post inoculation. Tissue samples were taken from different mucosal stomach regions to detect 'Candidatus Helicobacter suis' by PCR and urease test. Mucosal inflammation was evaluated on formalin-fixed tissue samples. Lesions in the pars oesophagea were scored macroscopically. Infection was successful in all challenged animals, with the antrum and the fundus being predominantly positive. Infection was associated with infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the antral mucosa, evolving to follicular gastritis. No apparent inflammation of the fundic stomach region was detected in the infected animals. A clear link between 'Candidatus Helicobacter suis' and pars oesophageal lesions could not be found.

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“…In the pig, the infection is associated not only with gastritis, but also with pre-ulcerous lesions and ulcer of the pars esophagea (20,21). Although the bacterium has not been cultured in vitro, oral inoculation of mice and rats with H. heilmanniipositive mucus of pig stomach results in 100% gastric infection that also leads to chronic gastritis (22)(23)(24). Based on comparative 16S rDNA data, the sequence of the spiral porcine bacterium was shown to be identical to that of H. heilmannii type 1 (21,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<a name="home"></a>The role of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in gastric mucosa inflammation associated with Helicobacter heilmannii type 1 infection

Cinque

Rocha

Correa-Oliveira

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Although Helicobacter heilmannii infection is less common than H. pylori infection in humans, it is considered to be of medical importance because of its association with gastritis, gastric ulcer, carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach. However, there have been no studies evaluating the role of the Th cell response in H. heilmannii gastric infection. We evaluated the participation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-4, in H. heilmannii gastric infection in genetically IFN-γ-or IL-4-deficient mice. The serum IFN-γ and IL-4 concentrations were determined by ELISA. The gastric polymorphonuclear infiltrate was higher (P = 0.007) in H. heilmannii-positive than in H. heilmanniinegative wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, whereas no significant inflammation was demonstrable in the stomach of H. heilmannii-positive IFN-γ -/-C57BL/6 mice. The degree of gastric inflammatory cells, especially in oxyntic mucosa, was also higher (P = 0.007) in infected IL-4 -/-than in WT BALB/c mice. Serum IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in IL-4 -/-than in WT BALB/c mice, independently of H. heilmannii-positive or -negative status. Although no difference in serum IFN-γ levels was seen between H. heilmannii-positive (11.3 ± 3.07 pg/mL, mean ± SD) and -negative (11.07 ± 3.5 pg/mL) WT BALB/c mice, in the group of IL-4 -/-animals, the serum concentration of IFN-γ was significantly higher in the infected ones (38.16 ± 10.5 pg/ mL, P = 0.04). In contrast, serum IL-4 levels were significantly decreased in H. heilmannii-positive (N = 10) WT BALB/c animals compared to the negative (N = 10) animals. In conclusion, H. heilmannii infection induces a predominantly Th1 immune response, with IFN-γ playing a central role in gastric inflammation.

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Mouse inoculation for the detection of non-cultivable gastric tightly spiralled bacteria

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Emergence of DiverseHelicobacterSpecies in the Pathogenesis of Gastric and Enterohepatic Diseases

Emergence of DiverseHelicobacterSpecies in the Pathogenesis of Gastric and Enterohepatic Diseases

Experimental Infection of Pigs with ‘Candidatus Helicobacter suis’

<a name="home"></a>The role of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in gastric mucosa inflammation associated with Helicobacter heilmannii type 1 infection

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