Caracterização dos estádios ontogenéticos de três espécies de palmeiras: uma proposta de padronização para estudos de dinâmica populacional

Portela, Rita de Cássia Quitete; Santos, Fábio Lúcio

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042011000400006

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The geographic coordinates of each sampled plant were recorded with a global positioning system equipment (GPS map 60CS—GARMIN). More than 70% of the reproductive trees of the species in the area were sampled and classified into four ontogenetic stages: (a) seedlings—plants with transitional leaves, between bifid and pinnate without stem, with heights of 0.30–1 m; (b) young plants—apparent stem (without leaf sheath), pinnate leaves, with heights of 1.01–2 m; (c) immature plants—with stems, but no sign of reproductive structures and heights generally from 2.01 to 4 m; (d) reproductive plants—with signs of previous reproductive events, with inflorescence or infructescence, and mostly higher than 4 m. The four ontogenetic stages and their respective plant heights were determined based on studies with Euterpe edulis (Portela & Santos, ) and E. precatoria (Rocha & Viana, ) and based on the concept of two phases of minimum light requirement for developing plants and adult plants (Kahn, ). In 2014, 59 seedlings, 60 young, 70 immature, and 59 reproductive plants were sampled.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternity analysis, pollen flow, and spatial genetic structure of a natural population ofEuterpe precatoriain the Brazilian Amazon

Ramos

Dequigiovanni

Sebbenn

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Euterpe precatoria, known as açaí do Amazonas, is a regionally important palm of the Amazon rainforest for the fruit production through extractive agriculture. Little information is available with regard to genetic diversity, gene flow, and spatial genetic structure (SGS) of açaí populations, which are essential for the use, management, and conservation of genetic resources of the species. This research aimed to assess the genetic diversity, inbreeding level, SGS, and gene flow in four ontogenetic stages of a natural E. precatoria population in the Brazilian Amazon, based on 18 microsatellite loci. The study was carried out in a natural population dispersed in an area of about 10 ha. Leaf tissues of 248 plants were mapped and sampled and classified into four ontogenetic stages: reproductive (59), immature (70), young (60), and seedling (59). Genetic diversity indices were high for all ontogenetic stages. The fixation index (F) for all ontogenetic stages was not significantly different from zero, indicating the absence of inbreeding. A significant SGS was found for all ontogenetic stages (68–110 m), indicating seed dispersal over short distances. Paternity analysis detected pollen immigration of 39.1%, a selfing rate of 4.2%, and a mean pollen dispersal distance within the population of 531 m. The results indicate substantial allele input in the population via pollen immigration, contributing to the maintenance of the genetic diversity of the population. However, within a population, the renewal with new progenies selected from seed plants spaced at least 110 m apart is important to avoid collecting seeds from related plants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternity analysis, pollen flow, and spatial genetic structure of a natural population ofEuterpe precatoriain the Brazilian Amazon

Ramos

Dequigiovanni

Sebbenn

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Knowing the development of seedlings may subsidize botanical, ecological, agronomical and silvicultural studies, helping the identification of species, as in recognizing individuals from the natural regeneration (Bernacci et al, 2008;Carvalho et al, 2010;Portela and Santos, 2011), the interpretation of germination and seed vigor tests and the production of seedlings (Henderson, 2006;Brasil, 2009;Queiroz and Bianco, 2009). In palm trees, three types of germination (adjacent ligular, remote ligular and remote tubular) were the basis of discussions about seedlings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination at different stratification temperatures and development of Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pavón seedlings

Ferreira

Gentil

2017

J. Seed Sci.

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-Phytelephas macrocarpa (ivory palm) is an Amazonian palm vulnerable to exploitation pressure, as its seeds are widely used in regional handicrafts. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of different stratification temperatures in overcoming seed dormancy and to analyze the seedling development stages of this species. In germination under stratification, the seeds were placed in plastic bags containing moistened vermiculite, and maintained at the constant temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C, and an alternating temperature from 26 to 40 °C. In the study about the development of seedlings, seeds were sown in vermiculite under plastic cover (growing house), and the evolution of the seedling was evaluated, from the formation of germinative button to the complete blade expansion of the first eophyll. Stratification at alternating temperatures (26 to 40 °C) helped overcoming seed dormancy. Stratification at 25 °C kept the seed viability for nine months. Germination, characterized by the formation of the germinative button took an average of 114 ± 24 days, and the seedling development until the first extended eophyll lasted 244 ± 57 days.Index terms: Arecaceae, vegetable ivory, dormancy, seedling stages.Germinação de sementes em diferentes temperaturas de estratificação e desenvolvimento pós-seminal de Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pavón RESUMO -Phytelephas macrocarpa (jarina) é uma palmeira amazônica vulnerável à pressão extrativista, em virtude de suas sementes serem bastante utilizadas no artesanato regional. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a eficiência de diferentes temperaturas de estratificação na superação da dormência das sementes e analisar os estádios de desenvolvimento da plântula dessa espécie. Na germinação sob estratificação, as sementes foram acondicionadas em sacos plásticos, contendo vermiculita umedecida, e mantidas nas temperaturas constantes de 25, 30, 35 e 40 ºC, e alternada de 26 a 40 ºC. No estudo sobre o desenvolvimento da plântula, as sementes foram semeadas em vermiculita, sob estufim, e avaliada a evolução da plântula, desde a formação do botão germinativo até a completa expansão laminar do primeiro eofilo. A estratificação em temperatura alternada (26 a 40 ºC) favoreceu a superação da dormência das sementes. A estratificação a 25 ºC conservou a viabilidade das sementes por nove meses. A germinação, caracterizada pela formação do botão germinativo, levou em média 114 ± 24 dias, e o desenvolvimento da plântula até o primeiro eofilo expandido durou 244 ± 57 dias.Termos para indexação: Arecaceae, jarina, dormência, estádios da plântula.

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“…However, neither the fragment size nor the protected status, influenced the population size of these two palm species. On the other hand, A. aculeatissimum is not a harvested species and has clonal growth (more than 50% of the population are clonal, Portela & Santos, 2011), and its density is negatively affected by the reduction of habitat or modification of forest structure that comes with the fragmentation. Galetti, Donatti, Pires, Guimarães & Jordano (2006), also studying A. aculeatissimum, concluded that a large fraction of the Atlantic Rainforest palms that relied on scatter-hoarding rodents might become regionally extinct due chilla, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The meaning of the stage names for each studied species is described and discussed in Portela and Santos (2011).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacto del tamaño del fragmento de bosque en la estructura de la población de tres especies de palmas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño

Portela

Santos

2014

RBT

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Abstract:The main threats to natural populations in terrestrial ecosystems have been widly recognized to be the habitat fragmentation and the exploitation of forest products. In this study, we compared the density of the populations and the structure of three tropical palm species, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Euterpe edulis and Geonoma schottiana. For this, we selected five forest fragments of different sizes (3 500ha, 2 400ha, 57ha, 21ha and 19ha) where palms were censused in nine 30x30m plots. We tracked the palms survival from 2005 to 2007, and recorded all new individuals encountered. Each individual was assigned in one of the five ontogenetic stages: seedling, infant, juvenile, immature and reproductive. The demographic structure of each palm species was analyzed and compared by a generalized linear model (GLM). The analysis was performed per palm species. The forest fragment area and the year of observation were explanatory variables, and the proportion of individuals in each ontogenetic class and palm density were response variables. The total number of individuals (from seedlings to reproductives, of all species) monitored was 6 450 in 2005, 7 268 in 2006, and 8 664 in 2007. The densities of two palm species were not influenced by the size of the fragment, but the population density of A. aculeatissimum was dependent on the size of the fragment: there were more individuals in the bigger than in the smaller forest fragments. The population structure of A. aculeatissimum, E. edulis, and G. schottiana was not altered in the smaller fragments, except the infants of G. schottiana. The main point to be drawn from the results found in this study is that the responses of density and population structure seem not to be dependent on fragment size, except for one species that resulted more abundant in bigger fragments. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (2): 433-442. Epub 2014 June 01.

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Caracterização dos estádios ontogenéticos de três espécies de palmeiras: uma proposta de padronização para estudos de dinâmica populacional

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Paternity analysis, pollen flow, and spatial genetic structure of a natural population ofEuterpe precatoriain the Brazilian Amazon

Paternity analysis, pollen flow, and spatial genetic structure of a natural population ofEuterpe precatoriain the Brazilian Amazon

Seed germination at different stratification temperatures and development of Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pavón seedlings

Impacto del tamaño del fragmento de bosque en la estructura de la población de tres especies de palmas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño

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