Weeds Hosts of Nematodes in Sugarcane Culture

Abstract

-The presence of weeds and nematodes can affect of sugarcane yield. This research evaluated whether weeds that are very frequent in mechanized harvested sugarcane can be hosts for root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne incognita or Meloidogyne javanica. Regarding nematode hospitability, ten weed species as well as a control sample (tomato) were evaluated; they were inoculated with M. incognita and M. javanica. The plants were inoculated with 2,000 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J 2 ), and there were three plants per experimental unit (6,000 eggs and J 2 per pot -repeatition); 60 days after inoculation (DAI), the plants were removed and evaluated according to reproduction factor (RF), nematode final population (FP) and reproducibility index (RI). Regarding weed hospitability, it was found that Luffa aegyptiaca acted as a host for both nematodes, with RF > 1, which was higher than the control sample. Digitaria horizontalis was classified as a host for M. incognita and as a non-host for M. javanica. Mucuna aterrima and Crotalaria spectabilis presented the lowest RF and FP. Ricinus communis and Ipomoea triloba presented galls when inoculated with M. incognita, but were not considered host, since they presented RF < 1. None of the weed species was considered immune, i.e., with RF = 0. The lowest RF values of M. incognita (race 3) were related to Crotalaria spectabilis and Euphorbia heterophylla plants. This demonstrates the ability of crotalarias in decreasing nematode population in the field and justifies its use in several areas before planting main crops. Keywords

Innovative Pulses for Western European Temperate Regions: A Review

“…An exhaustive screening on titles was performed in order to eliminate out-of-scope papers that did not provide useful information for our research (6661 papers). The most common reasons for deleting a paper from the list were the following: the name of a pulse was mentioned only as a comparison of one characteristic to another crop [42], the trial or analysis was performed in intercropping, thus evaluating the impact of the cover crop on the staple food yield [43] or there was no relation to the topic, e.g., papers dealing with biochemical [44] or genetic characteristics [45] or the use of pulse extracts as green fertilizers [46] or seed treatments [47] without any relation to pulse yield or seed quality. Papers with an historical or archeobotanical approach [48] and those stating consumer preferences [49] or the impact of the feed on the animal's health [50] were also excluded.…”

Cover crops in coffee management in production

“…Therefore, analyzing the plant mix and the results obtained with the other cover crops, it appears that the use of the plant mix has the same characteristics in the containment and control of nematodes. Leal et al (2012), Debiasi et al (2016) and Giraldeli et al (2017) stated that Crotalaria is a good option for nematode control, as it reduces by up to 80% the incidence of nematodes in areas where the legume is well-formed. Besides providing a significant improvement in the content of organic matter, expanding the biological activity of the soil, they also present the ability to synthesize allelopathic substances and a large number of proteins such as peroxidases, cysteine proteases and inhibitors of cysteine proteases, which contribute to the reduction of phytonematodes (Leal et al, 2012;Debiasi et al, 2016 andGiraldeli et al, 2017).…”

Innovative Pulses for European Temperate Regions: A Review

“…An exhaustive screening on titles was performed in order to eliminate outof-scope papers that did not provide useful information for our research (6661 papers). The most common reasons for deleting a paper from the list were the following: the name of a pulse was mentioned only as a comparison of one characteristic to another crop [40], the trial or analysis was performed in intercropping, thus evaluating the impact of the cover crop on the staple food yield [41], or there was no relation to the topic, e.g. papers dealing with biochemical [42] or genetic characteristics [43] or the use of pulse extracts as green fertilizers [44] or seed treatments [45] without any relation to pulse yield or seed quality.…”