Multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from septic arthritis in horses

Motta, Rodrigo Garcia; Martins, Lorrayne Souza Araujo; Motta, Igor Garcia; Guerra, Simony Trevizan; Paula, Carolina Lechinski de; Bolaños, Carmen Alicia Daza; Silva, Rodrigo da; Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2017000400005

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…These pathogens are related to enteric and extra-enteric (ExPEC) opportunistic infections in domestic animals, characterized by a high set of virulence factors (QUINN et al, 2011). In this study, enterobacteria represented the most common group of pathogens isolated from the synovial fluid of horses with clinical signs of arthritis, which agrees with similar studies (MOTTA, et al, 2017;SCHNEIDER et al, 1992). Enterobacteria-induced articular infections have been related to traumatic contamination of the joint with feces or environmental material and are associated with systemic dissemination (STEEL, PANNIRSELVAM & ANDERSON, 2013).…”

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confidence: 89%

“…In the current study, gentamicin, marbofloxacin, and ceftriaxone were the most effective. These findings suggested that these antimicrobials may be effective alternatives in the therapy of septic arthritis in horses, although is strongly recommended that, if possible, treatments should be based on in vitro susceptibility pattern tests (MOTTA et al, 2017). Conversely, high resistance of isolates to various drugs was reported, e.g., to erythromycin, clarithromycin, penicillin, clindamycin, streptomycin, cephalexin, amikacin, and rifampicin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Etiology, multidrug resistance, and acute-phase proteins biomarkers as in equine septic arthritis

et al. 2020

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Etiology, multiple antibiotic resistance index, and acute-phase protein profile in the serum and synovial fluid of 44 horses presenting septic arthritis were investigated. Young animals up to 24 months of age not yet submitted to taming were sampled. Synovial samples from the horses were submitted to culture and bacterial isolates subjected to 18 antimicrobials to investigate the in vitro multidrug resistance pattern. Also, hematological aspects, fibrinogen, and serum levels of some acute-phase proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin, amyloid A, and C-reactive protein) were assessed. To statistical analysis, microbiological isolation were divided into four groups: G1 = animals with negative isolation, G2 = isolation of Gram-negative bacteria, G3 = isolation of Gram-positive bacteria), and G4 = isolation of fungi. Microbial isolation was obtained from 77.2% (32/44) of the synovial samples. Escherichia coli (7/44 = 15.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (5/44 = 11.4%), Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (3/44 = 6.8%), Aspergillus niger (3/44 = 6.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/44 = 4.5%), Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (1/44 = 2.3%), Trueperella pyogenes (1/44 = 2.3%), and Rhodococcus equi (1/44 = 2.3%) were prevalent bacterial agents. Aspergillus niger is reported by the first time as a primary agent of septic arthritis in horses. Gentamicin (84.9%), marbofloxacin (79.3%) and ceftriaxone (72.4%) were the most effective antimicrobials, whereas high resistance of the isolates (>50%) was found to erythromycin (75.9%), clarithromycin (75.9%), penicillin (69%), clindamycin (58.6%), and streptomycin (55.2%). Multiple antibiotic resistance index (≥ 0.3) was identified in 50% (16/32) of the isolates, with highest resistance in Gram-negative bacterial isolates. Serum levels of amyloid A, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, globulin, and total protein, as well as the number of nucleated cells in the synovial fluid had values above the reference for horses, reinforcing acute-phase proteins as biomarkers in diagnosis of septic arthritis. We highlighted the diversity of microorganisms that may be involved in equine septic arthritis, the high resistance of bacterial isolates to conventional antimicrobials, the high lethality of young horses with septic arthritis, and importance of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern tests to therapeutic approaches in the disease.

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confidence: 89%

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confidence: 99%

Etiology, multidrug resistance, and acute-phase proteins biomarkers as in equine septic arthritis

et al. 2020

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“…equi y Streptococcus equi subesp. zooepidemicus fueron las bacterias aisladas con mayor frecuencia en potros con artritis séptica, según Motta et al (2017).…”

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Descripción imagenológica de efusión articular en una yegua criolla colombiana

Rodríguez

Idarraga

2019

Rev. investig. vet. Perú

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Se reporta el caso de un equino hembra, de raza criollo colombiano de 15 años, el cual se presenta con motivo de consulta por traumatismo en el aspecto medial del miembro posterior izquierdo. Se evidencia efusión sinovial severa con aumento de temperatura local y dolor al tacto. Se realiza una artrocentesis obteniendo líquido articular hemorrágico. En la evaluación radiológica se observa aumento del volumen y radiopacidad del líquido sinovial y al diagnóstico ecográfico se encuentra incremento en el grosor de la cápsula articular, con abundante efusión articular, con líquido de aspecto heterogéneo y presencia de bandas ecogénicas compatibles con fibrina. El abordaje terapéutico se realizó mediante lavado articular e infiltración con gentamicina, además del manejo del dolor y antinflamatorios por vía sistémica.

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“…In horses, appropriate treatment should be initiated as soon as possible, to avoid the degeneration of the articulation and synovial structures (Nix et al 1991;Morton 2005). Traditionally, systemic antibiotic therapy, joint lavage, and intra-articular administration of antibiotics are used for the treatment of septic arthritis, given that appropriate concentrations of antibiotics in the infected joint are important, so that the infection can be eliminated (Doria et al 2010;Motta et al 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have reported high bacterial resistance in the synovial fluid of horses with septic arthritis, involving the drugs penicillin, enrofloxacin, and amikacin. Bacterial resistance to an antibiotic drug is mainly due to repeated exposure to below adequate antimicrobial concentrations (Motta et al 2017;Durha 2018). Thus, it is hypothesized that the intravenous administration of an antibiotic for the treatment of joint infections can be responsible for bacterial resistance to the drug and persistence of the disease.…”

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Comparison of plasma and intra-articular gentamicin levels after intravenous administration in healthy horses

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Septic arthritis is considered one of the most severe disorders that affect horses’ joints. Therapy is intended to eliminate the microorganisms that cause this infection. The intravenous administration of antibiotics is an easily performed technique, but there is no guarantee that the antibiotics will reach the joint milieu at high concentrations and remain elevated for a certain period of time. This study aimed to determine and compare the levels of gentamicin in the plasma and synovial fluid of healthy horses after intravenous administration for seven days. Five horses received 6.6 mg/kg intravenous gentamicin every 24 h for seven consecutive days. Blood and synovial fluid samples were collected from the right metacarpal-phalangeal joint before the start of the treatment (T0) and after 6 h (T6), 12 h (T12), and every 24 h during antibiotic therapy for seven days (D1 to D7). The levels of gentamicin in serum and synovial fluid were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The intravenous administration of 6.6 mg/kg of gentamicin, in horses, after a period of 24 h, promotes synovial fluid concentrations below the MIC of the drug, in spite of reaching high plasma concentrations of gentamicin, daily mean serum concentration which was 29-fold higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug. The intravenous administration every 24 h during seven consecutive days did not cause systemic side effects, such as hepatic or renal injury.

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Multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from septic arthritis in horses

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Etiology, multidrug resistance, and acute-phase proteins biomarkers as in equine septic arthritis

Etiology, multidrug resistance, and acute-phase proteins biomarkers as in equine septic arthritis

Descripción imagenológica de efusión articular en una yegua criolla colombiana

Comparison of plasma and intra-articular gentamicin levels after intravenous administration in healthy horses

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