Maintenance of Brazilian Biodiversity by germplasm bank

Abstract

Currently the importance of using alternative strategies for biodiversity conservation is emphasized and since the establishment of germplasm bank is an alternative to the conservation of endangered species. This is a technique of great importance for the maintenance of Brazilian fauna. Since the early70'sthere was a growing concern about the need to preserve essential genetic resources for food and agriculture, mainly for conservation of genetic material from farm animals. Thus was created the Brasilia Zoo, in July 2010, the first Germplasm Bank of Wild Animals in Latin America, as an alternative strategy for the conservation of threatened or endangered species, using both gametes and somatic cells and stem cells. Then we argue to create new banks or research networks among different regions with aimed to tissue preservation.

Female reproductive system morphology of crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) and cryopreservation of genetic material for animal germplasm bank enrichment

“…The conservation of animal genetic resources is an interesting strategy for both the preservation of biodiversity (Machado et al., ) and a sustainable development through the establishment of captivities (Piovezan et al., ). Thus, the biological diversity is the key to the maintenance of life and there is no doubt that the habitat destruction is the main factor responsible for reduction in biodiversity or the total number of species on the planet.…”

Cryopreservation of sperm in annual fish Austrolebias minuano (Cyprinodontiformes; Rivulidae)

“…Ex‐situ conservation strategies like germplasm banks allow for at least partial preservation of the genetic heritage of endangered species (Figueroa et al, ; Silva et al, ). Genetic resources like cryopreserved spermatozoa and oocytes allow for the reintroduction of endangered species into their natural habitats, thus, avoiding loss of biodiversity (Cabrita et al, ; Machado et al, ).…”

Combination of ethylene glycol with sucrose increases survival rate after vitrification of somatic tissue of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)

“…The conservation of somatic tissue of collared peccaries is an alternative tool in the biodiversity maintenance and can be applied in the reproductive biotechnologies, both for the preservation and the breeding management (Machado et al 2016). The sampling of animals for the cryopreservation is a procedure that can be used for the transportation and storage after collection of the genetic material, maintaining high quality of the tissues and being applied for different purposes (Wong et al 2012), as the formation of biological resource banks (León-Quinto et al 2014) and use in somatic cell nuclear transfer (Folch et al 2009).…”