Perfil epidemiológico e análise microbiológica da infecção de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes humanos e animais de companhia

Abstract

Surgical site infection (SSI) has been indicated as the third cause of nosocomial infection. The present study aimed to determine the epidemiological profile of SSI and its association with the risk factors. It is a transversal study done at the São João Batista Hospital of Viçosa-MG and at the Surgery Service of the Small Animals Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa-MG, from September 2012 to February 2013. Global SSI rates were 0.7% at the human and 3.46% at the veterinary hospitals. At the veterinary hospital, SSI rates were not related to contamination potential, with clean procedures presenting the greater rates. As for the type of surgery, orthopedic ones are the most common in both hospital and also the ones presenting the greater SSI rates. Surgeries during more than 120 minutes were 15.25% of the total of procedures at the human hospital and are even less common in the veterinary, with 1.26%. Rate of SSI does not seem to be related to surgery duration in this classification. Bacteria isolated from surgical wounds were multi-resistant and the obtained data indicated that no criteria of antibiotic prophylaxis existed, mainly for clean surgeries. This scenario shows that the action of a commission to control nosocomial infection are extremely relevant in order to guarantee reliable data so that the quality of service may be evaluated and thus, promoting a decrease the risk of in post-operative complications.INDEX TERMS: Hospital-acquired infection, infection control committee.

Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from surgical site infection in dogs and cats

“…Twenty-one animals (18 dogs and three cats) were diagnosed with SSI, for an overall rate of 5.24%. SSI rate at 5.24% identified in this study is similar to previous studies (Frey et al, 2010, Corsini et al, 2014, Already Murta et al (2015) found an SSI rate of 3.46%. However, different surgery types are usually related to variations in SSI rates.…”

“…The surgical site infection (SSI) is a common and widespread nosocomial infection in human medicine (Humphreys, 2009) and is considered the most important cause of postoperative complications, contributing significantly to increased morbidity and mortality in these patients (Sitio…, 2009). In the past two decades, this type of infection has become an increasing concern in veterinary hospitals (Braga et al, 2012, Corsini et al, 2014, Murta et al, 2015.…”

“…SSI is the most frequently reported type of nosocomial infection in small animals, occurring in between 0.8% to 18.1% of all surgical wounds in dogs and cats (Nelson, 2011). Corsini et al (2014) working in a veterinary hospital found an SSI infection rate of 5.24% and Murta et al (2015) of 3.46%. Most are caused by multiple microorganisms, usually multidrug-resistant (MDR), and have many risk factors (Braga et al, 2012).…”

Infecção Relacionada À Assistência À Saúde Em Cirurgias Limpas

“…Entretanto, alguns estudos em medicina veterinária demonstram elevações nessas taxas. Outros estudos têm demonstrado que as cirurgias ortopédicas tem apresentado elevadas taxas de ISC (MURTA et al, 2015).…”

“…Whittem et al (1999) defenderam esta ideia em cirurgias ortopédicas eletivas, nas quais a profilaxia antimicrobiana, pode ser aplicada ao se utilizar antibiótico 30 minutos antes do procedimento, não sendo necessária sua administração após este período, como medida de redução e controle da incidência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Entretanto, no estudo demonstrado por Murta et al (2015), o uso de antibioticoterapia profilática em cirurgias consideradas limpas, não exerce efeito em reduzir a taxa de infecção, sendo o seu uso contra indicado nestes procedimentos.…”