Evaluation of a model for induction of periodontal disease in dogs

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(6):562-568, junho 2014 562 RESUMO.-[Avaliação de um modelo para indução de doença periodontal em cães.] Existem vários métodos para indução de doença periodontal em modelos animais, sendo o do defeito ósseo um dos mais descritos. Este estudo objetiva avaliar esse modelo em cães, por análises clínica, radiográfica, tomográfica e histológica, fornecendo assim dados padronizados para trabalhos futuros. Doze cães foram submetidos ao protocolo de indução. Em um primeiro procedimento cirúrgico, um retalho mucoperiosteal foi produzido na face vestibular do terceiro e do quarto dentes pré--molares direitos e foi criado um defeito, expondo a furca e parte das raízes mesial e distal, com as dimensões: 5 mm corono-apical, 5 mm mesio-distal e 3 mm vestíbulo-lingual. O ligamento periodontal e o cemento foram curetados e o defeito foi então preenchido com poliéster de moldagem, que foi removido após 21 dias em um novo procedimento cirúrgico. Exames clínicos e radiográficos foram realizados após as duas cirurgias e antes da coleta dos dentes e tecidos associados para análise tomográfica e histológica. Todos os animais apresentaram exposição de furca grau II em ambos os dentes. O nível clínico de inserção aumentou após a indução. O tamanho do defeito não apresentou alteração nas medidas corono-apical e vestíbulo-lingual, enquanto o tamanho mesio-distal foi significativamente maior que o produzido. Análise radiográfica mostrou diminuição da ra- There are several methods for inducing periodontal disease in animal models, being the bone defect one of the most reported. This study aimed to evaluate this model, through clinical, radiographic, tomographic and histological analyzes, thus providing standardized data for future regenerative works. Twelve dogs were subjected to the induction protocol. In a first surgical procedure, a mucoperiosteal flap was made on the buccal aspect of the right third and fourth premolars and a defect was produced exposing the furcation and mesial and distal roots, with dimensions: 5mm coronoapical, 5mm mesiodistal, and 3mm buccolingual. Periodontal ligament and cementum were curetted and the defect was filled with molding polyester, which was removed after 21 days on new surgical procedure. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed after the two surgeries and before the collection of parts for dental tomography and histological analysis. All animals showed grade II furcation exposure in both teeth. Clinical attachment level increased after induction. Defect size did not change for coronoapical and buccolingual measurements, while mesiodistal size was significantly higher than at the time of defect production. Radiographic analysis showed decreased radiopacity and discontinuity of lamina dura in every tooth in the furcation area. The horizontal progression of the disease was evident in micro-computed tomography and defect content in the histological analysis. Therefore, it is concluded that this method promotes the induction of periodontal disease in dogs in a standar...

Treatment of periodontal disease with guided tissue regeneration technique using a hydroxyapatite and polycaprolactone membrane

“…During the experiment, they received a commercial feed and water ad libitum with an adjustment period of 30 days. The induction of the periodontal disease model followed was as described by Sepúlveda et al (2014). The animals were sedated (acepromazine 0.1mg/kg, intramuscular) and general anesthesia was induced with propofol (6mg/kg, intravenous) and maintained with isoflurane and oxygen mixture.…”