Caracterização epidemiológica e fatores de risco associados à infecção por Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos deslanados do semiárido brasileiro

Farias, Areano Ethério Moreira de; Higino, Severino Silvano dos Santos; Azevêdo, Sérgio Santos de; Costa, Diego Figueiredo da; Santos, Fabrine A.; Santos, Carolina S.A.B.; Piatti, Rosa Maria; Alves, Clebert José

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2013000300002

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Todas as propriedades analisadas apresentaram amostras positivas. Apesar de não existirem estudos brasileiros a respeito da presença de anticorpos anti-C. abortus em bubalinos constata-se na literatura pesquisada registros da infecção por C. abortus em caprinos e ovinos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte [3], Piauí [6, 16], Paraíba [13,34], Pernambuco [26] e Alagoas [28].…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Anti-Chlamydia abortus and Anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Antibodies in Buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Xavier

Nascimento

Sierra

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: The occurrence of economic losses in buffaloes may be related to reproductive problems such as chlamydiosis caused by the bacteria Chlamydia abortus considered as a zoonotic agent; and digestive problems highlighting the infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), responsible for paratuberculosis. There is a little information about these diseases in buffaloes, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Chlamydia abortus and anti- Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) antibodies in water buffaloes in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: The 262 bubaline sera belonging to the serum bank of the Infectious Diseases Laboratory (LIDIC) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) were analyzed. The samples were from nine properties distributed in the municipalities of Agreste and Zona da Mata of the state of Pernambuco. For the detection of anti-Chlamydia abortus and anti-Map antibodies was used a technique of Enzyme immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA) of the IDEXX® by following the manufacturer's instructions. Regarding the detection of anti-Chlamydia abortus antibodies, it was observed that 47.70% (125/262) of the samples were positive. All properties showed at least one positive animal for the investigation of anti-Chlamydia abortus antibodies. It was also verified the occurrence of 7.25% of suspected animals for the investigation of anti-C. abortus antibodies. No positives animals were observed for Map in the bubaline analyzed.Discussion: The occurrence of anti-C. abortus antibodies in buffaloes in the region can be explained by the fact that properties with buffalo breeding has sanitary management that allows the contact between animals, thus increasing the risk of transmission of the agent. In addition, the variation found from 35% to 68.75% may be associated with divergences to the type of management and breeding system used in each property. The percentage of suspected animals may suggest that the number of positive animals is higher or that there were non-specific reactions with other species of Chlamydia, but it is not possible to determine the seroconversion without the accomplishment of paired serology. Because it is a zoonosis, C. abortus may be a risk to the health of the population involved, since the transmission of the bacteria to humans can occur by contact with secretions and excretions of these animals. No positive animals were found for the occurrence of anti-Map antibodies, however, there are reports of the infection identifying animals with clinical signs or properties with a history of the disease, and this may be related to the differences in each property in relation to the history and sanitary management. Moreover, the ELISA test may not be sensitive to the agent depending on the phase of the infection, because if the response is predominantly cellular, the number of antibodies is diminished, making the serological diagnosis difficult. The use of more sensitive tests for the bubaline species can also favor the diagnosis of the infection. Although the occurrence of anti-Map antibodies in the analyzed samples was not detected, it is important to carry out routine epidemiological studies, since the disease has already been registered in water buffaloes in the state of Pernambuco. Considering the occurrence of anti-Chlamydia abortus antibodies it is suggested to conduct studies in order to isolate the agent and verify its real importance in the reproductive disorders of the bubaline species, since this agent causes reproductive losses and has a zoonotic character.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Anti-Chlamydia abortus and Anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Antibodies in Buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Xavier

Nascimento

Sierra

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…The occurrence of C. abortus in herds of small ruminants has already been confirmed in some Brazilian states [7][8][9][10][11]. The association of abortions in sheep herds in Brazil to the presence of C. abortus was not confirmed, and it was found to be involved with other reproductive disorders, including the birth of dead pups [8,19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 476 animals from 72 farms in 14 counties of the Sertão mesoregion were used in the study (Figure 1). These farms were selected based on previously planned samplings [5,6,11]. The sampling was designed to determine the prevalence of positive farms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Evaluation of Reproductive Infectious Agents in Sheep in the Brazilian Semiarid

Azevedo¹

2013

World j. vet. sci.

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The aim of this work was to identify sheep herds with history of reproductive failures (abortions and perinatal mortality) associated to presence of Chamydophila abortus, Brucella ovis and Leptospira spp. infections in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 476 animals from 72 herds in 14 counties of the Sertão mesoregion, state of Paraíba. For the serological diagnosis of C. abortus, B. ovis and Leptospira spp. infections, complement fixation test (CFT), agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) and microscopic agglutination test (MAT) were used, respectively. Herd-level prevalence (herds with at least one seropositive animal) of C. abortus was 52.8%, followed by B. ovis (33.3%) and Leptospira spp. (27.7%); concerning seropositivity in animals there was also a higher frequency of C. abortus (19.7%), followed by B. ovis (12.1%) and Leptospira spp. (7.6%) (p < 0.05). Herds with history of abortion (31.9%; 23/72) and perinatal mortality (54.2%; 39/72) had at least one sheep seropositive to one of the infectious agentes. For abortions, herd-level prevalence of C. abortus was 60.8%, followed by B. ovis (43.4%) and Leptospira spp. (30.4%). For perinatal mortality, herd-level prevalence was 64.1% for C. abortus, 38.4% for B. ovis and 33.3% for Leptospira spp. It is suggested that these agents may be important causes of reproductive failures in the semiarid region, and, thus, it is recommended that herd owners should be informed on reasonable sanitary measures related to animal health, and advised to perform diagnosis in cases of abortion and perinatal mortality.

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“…A soroprevalência encontrada para Chlamydophila abortus no estado do Rio Grande do Norte foi inferior à encontrada em outros estados brasileiros como em Pernambuco, de 10,3% [19], Paraíba, de 9,3% e 19,7% [7,22], e Piauí, de 6,3% [14]. Por outro lado, foi superior a prevalência determinada no estado de Alagoas, de 1,17% [3].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…não é bem conhecida, embora já haja relatos da presença do agente nessas espécies. A ocorrência de C. abortus em rebanhos de pequenos ruminantes já foi diagnosticada sorologicamente em alguns outros estados brasileiros [7,[19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydophila abortus Infection in Goats of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Araújo

Pinheiro

Andrioli

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Chlamydophilosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydophila abortus, responsible for reproductive damage in small ruminants, and economic losses to animal production. In addition, it is classified as a zoonosis once it presents symptoms similar to numerous bacterial and viral infections of the reproductive system, making clinical diagnosis difficult. The objective of this work was to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-C. abortus antibodies in goats and to identify the risk factors for the disease in two mesoregions of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.Material, Methods & Results: This research was carried out in two mesoregions of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (Central Potiguar - CP and West Potiguar - WP) located in the Northeast of Brazil. These mesoregions together represent 83% of the regional herd. A total of 54 properties were studied. Those are distributed in seven municipalities: Afonso Bezerra, Angicos, Lages and Pedro Avelino, in the CP mesoregion; and Apodi, Caraúbas, and Mossoró, in the OP mesoregion. We used 540 animals from herds characterized as non-defined breed (NDB) and native breed, regardless of their productive functions, being frequent the consortium of caprine and ovine species. Blood samples were collected through jugular venipuncture by vacuum system with 5 mL tubes without anticoagulant. After collection, the tubes were centrifuged at 1500 g for 15 min. Detection of anti-Chlamydophila sp. antibodies was performed by the Complement Fixation Test. In parallel with the collection, a questionnaire was applied addressing general property and producer characteristics. Seroprevalence of chlamydophilosis in the CP mesoregion was 3.04% (7/230) for the animals and 26.1% (6/23) for the properties, whereas, in the WP mesoregion, the values were 4.2% (13/310) and 35.5% (11/31), respectively. In the final logistic regression model, no variable analyzed was considered to be associated with a higher probability of C. abortus positive properties. There was no significant difference (P = 0.76) in the infection among the studied mesoregions. All the seven municipalities evaluated, had at least one positive property. No serology was found with titers greater than 1:32. The results of the suspects with titers of 1:16 were 3.9% (9/230) in the CP and 3.5% (11/310) in the WP mesoregion. None of the 82 breeding animals tested were C. abortus reagent, but three were suspected. The highest prevalence for the infection was seen in the matrices with 5.6% (18/321), followed by young females with 2.9% (1/35), young males with 1.2% (1/82) and breeding animals with 0% (0/82).Discussion: The seroprevalence to Chlamydophila abortus found in the state of Rio Grande do Norte was lower than that found in most Brazilian states, and even in other countries. The presence of properties with positive animals displays a risk of dissemination of the disease in the region. In addition, the presence of suspect animals may indicate a much larger number of positive animals. The existence of false-negative animals in the herd can lead to difficulties in controlling and eradicating this disease. Although none of the breeding animals were reagent to C. abortus in the CF test, the possibility of venereal transmission should not be discarded. As some animals remained suspects, it may indicate an initial infection phase and seroconversion process, possibly characterizing future transmitters of the bacterium via semen. However, even though seroprevalence was numerically low, this disease should be a cause for concern due to its severity and spread capacity among herds, and especially because it is a zoonosis. We conclude that chlamydophilosis is present in goat breeding in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and female animals are more susceptible to Chlamydophila abortus infection.

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Caracterização epidemiológica e fatores de risco associados à infecção por Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos deslanados do semiárido brasileiro

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Anti-Chlamydia abortus and Anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Antibodies in Buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Anti-Chlamydia abortus and Anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Antibodies in Buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Epidemiological Evaluation of Reproductive Infectious Agents in Sheep in the Brazilian Semiarid

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydophila abortus Infection in Goats of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

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