Defeitos congênitos em bovinos da Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Macêdo, Juliana Targino Silva Almeida e; Lucena, Ricardo Barbosa; Giaretta, Paula R.; Kommers, Gláucia D.; Fighera, Rafael A.; Irigoyen, Luiz Francisco; Barros, Claudio S.L.

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2011000400005

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Regarding complete and incomplete dicephalus (diprosopus), some considerations are necessary. In the literature, cases of diprosopus (7,9,14,19,24) are more often reported than complete dicephalus (2,6,12,15). This finding had already been observed in the 1980s, indicating that diprosopus is about three times more common than complete dicephalus (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

A dicephalus calf: anatomical, pathological and radiographic aspects

Ribeiro¹,

Mendonça²,

Souza³

et al. 2021

BJVP

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Congenital malformations are morphofunctional abnormalities of tissues and organs that can occur during embryonic or fetal development in all animal species. Among these, dicephalus is characterized by the development of an individual with two heads and two necks, due to the total duplication of facial, cranial, and brain structures. Reports of dicephalus in cattle are scarce and do not normally emphasize radiographic and bone anatomy characteristics. The objective was to describe a case of a stillborn dicephalus calf. The duplication of the head, brain, neck, and two thoracic vertebral columns, isolated from each other, with 13 vertebrae each was verified radiographically. There were 13 pairs of ribs, the ones on the right side articulated with the thoracic spine on the right and the left ones with the spine on the left. Caudally at T13, there was only one lumbar spine, sacral and coccygeal. In the ventrodorsal projection, L1, L2, L3, and L6 had the shape of a butterfly (suggestive of hemivertebrae). At necropsy, in addition to craniocervical and spinal morphological changes, collapsed lungs, duplication of the heart with anastomosis between the aortic arches of the hearts, and duplication of the upper digestive tract were observed. Additionally, there was arthrogryposis of the pelvic limbs. Corpse maceration, followed by the skeletal assembly, showed the bone changes previously observed and confirmed the suspicion of hemivertebrae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

A dicephalus calf: anatomical, pathological and radiographic aspects

Ribeiro¹,

Mendonça²,

Souza³

et al. 2021

BJVP

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“…Urachal congenital anomalies are rare in both humans and animals. No individuals reports of a urachal cyst in dogs were found [5,16], but other urachal congenital anomalies in animals have been found, such as patent urachus in cats [1,7], horses [18] and cattle [9] and urachal diverticulum in dogs [8] and bulls [10]. As for humans, the urachal cyst is the most reported urachal anomaly [3,21,25], but it is still a rare condition [3] with possible complications such as infection [3,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining 19.4% were described as having a "nonspecific atretic urachal remnant" in which the entire tract remained as a cord [12]. The veterinary literature cites all four anomalies in animals, but individual case reports were found for urachal diverticulum (the most common type) in dogs [5,8,16] and cattle [10], and patent urachus was reported in cats [1,7] and cattle [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urachal Cyst in a Bitch

Hertel

Silva

Evangelista

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:The urachus is a tubular structure continuous with the urinary bladder and the allantois in foetal mammals. It serves as a communication between these two structures. At birth, it loses its function and undergoes atrophy by fibrous proliferation within the lumen. When this atrophy process fails at some point, congenital anomalies of the urachus occur. These anomalies are rare in animals, and to our knowledge, the urachal cyst has not yet been described in dogs. The present work is unique in that it reports a case of this congenital defect in a dog. Our aim is to increase awareness and to discuss the clinical presentation, the imaging techniques used, and the final diagnosis of this anomaly. Case: A 3-year-old bitch Pit Bull was presented for veterinary assistance to investigate recurrent pseudopregnancy and an irregular estrous cycle. The animal presented in good bodily condition, and the white blood count and clinical biochemistry were normal. At ultrasound, 2 tubular structures, filled by an echogenic fluid mimicking uterine topography, were found extending through the umbilical and hypogastric regions. No alterations in structure, echogenicity or echotexture of the other organs were observed, including the ovaries and uterus. On exploratory laparotomy, a cystic structure was found, with 2 segments: the larger one was on the left side, attached to the apex of the bladder by its caudal portion; the other was on the right side, attached to the spleen by its cranial portion and to the apex of the bladder by its caudal portion in connection with the left segment. The ovaries, uterus and uterine horns showed no macroscopic alterations. The structure was removed, and after analysis (macroscopic morphology, wall histopathology and biochemistry of the contained fluid), it was determined to be a urachal cyst. The animal recovered uneventfully. Discussion: Ultrasound is an important tool for the evaluation of reproductive cycle physiology and its pathologies. At first, the owner's complaint justified a fairly straightforward evaluation and clinical management of pseudopregnancy in a very healthy animal based on the history and clinical and complementary exams. However, ultrasound examination revealed two tubular structures filled with echogenic fluid in the lower abdomen. This made the case more complex, as these were interpreted as uterine horns by three different veterinarians, leading to the possibility of pyometra. The management of this condition must be cautious, since the animal's condition could rapidly deteriorate, necessitating an exploratory laparotomy. Based on the clinical presentation, macroscopic anatomy, fluid biochemistry and histological evaluations, the diagnosis of urachal cyst was proposed. Congenital anomalies occur when the urachus fails to obliterate. Four types can be found: patent urachus, urachal sinus, urachal diverticulum and urachal cyst. The urachal cyst occurs when the urachus encompasses a cyst-like structure that is closed to the umbilicus and the bladder lumen. The urachus be...

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“…Palavras-chave: bovino, malformações congênitas, mielodisplasia, hipoplasia segmentar da medula espinhal, histopatologia. Congenital malformations are functional and structural changes in organ systems, tissues, or organs that may occur in the embryonic or fetal phase (DANTAS et al, 2010;MACEDO et al, 2011). Their etiology in cattle may be associated with infectious agents, ingestion of toxic plants, chemical agents, nutritional deficiencies, and hereditary factors (DE LAHUNTA & GLASS, 2009;CANTILE & YOUSSEF, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord and syringomyelia in a calf

et al. 2020

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Congenital malformations are functional and structural changes in organ systems, tissues, or organs that may develop during the embryonic or fetal phase. Spinal cord malformations, such as segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord (SHSC) and syringomyelia, are rare in bovines. A Girolando calf from Valença, Rio de Janeiro, was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro because of motor incoordination. Clinical evaluation revealed a 5-cm depression area in the spine at the dorsal line of the thoracic region. Neurological examination revealed reduced proprioception, pelvic limb extension with increased nociceptive activity, and reduced anal reflex. In radiographic examination, the body of the T11 vertebra had a trapezoidal wedge shape with ventral hemivertebra, probable agenesis or hypoplasia of the T11-T12 spinous processes, and fusion of the T9-T10 spinous processes. Myelography revealed extradural spinal compression caused by vertebral malformations. Necropsy showed no spinous processes (T11-T12), cranial stenosis in the medullary canal (T11-T13), and 1-3-mm pores in the white matter of the thoracic spinal cord (T8-T11). Microscopy revealed cystic dilatations in the white matter (T9-T11), cystic areas of varying sizes (T8-T9), and moderate reduction in the gray matter around the central canal of the medulla (T11-T13). Here, we reported the clinical and pathological findings of SHSC and syringomyelia in a Girolando calf. The features should be differentiated from other spinal cord syndromes. Congenital malformations are of economic importance, and their etiology and diagnosis are fundamental to disease control and progenitor-selection programs.

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Defeitos congênitos em bovinos da Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

A dicephalus calf: anatomical, pathological and radiographic aspects

A dicephalus calf: anatomical, pathological and radiographic aspects

Urachal Cyst in a Bitch

Segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord and syringomyelia in a calf

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