Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de gestantes infectadas pelo HIV em um serviço do sul do Brasil

Abstract

Young women in a socioeconomic situation of vulnerability, with low schooling and multiparous represent the majority of HIV-positive pregnant women attended at the service. Evaluations performed during the prenatal period were relevant for the diagnosis of infection in most cases. An early diagnosis associated with proper clinical, obstetrical and psychological monitoring and with nursing care is important to provide appropriate treatment compliance and a reduction of the rates of vertical transmission.

Avaliação epidemiológica da prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV

“…In addition, other studies with seropositive women revealed a higher prenatal coverage than that found in our study, with percentages between 92.7% and 97.7%. (4,5) The prevalence of cesarean deliveries found in our study is compatible with other studies. In such cases, professionals based the procedure on guidelines issued by the Brazilian Ministry of Health on elective labor; however, this type of delivery should not be a rule because seropositive women can also undergo vaginal delivery, depending on clinical and obstetric conditions of the case.…”

“…The great diversity concerning race in earlier studies reflects the aspect with higher ranging and inconsistency in studies among all regions of the country; entries on race are often ignored or omitted on notification forms. (3,4) A high proportion of diagnoses of HIV infection among pregnant women was observed during prenatal visits (49.49%), a finding that corroborates results of other studies. (5,6) An increase in the number of seropositive pregnant women during prenatal visits was observed throughout the years.…”

“…Such use is not sufficient, but for complete and efficacious prophylaxis, medicines must be used between 14 and 28 weeks of gestation, according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (4): the later the treatment is started the higher the risks of infection in the child. However, the assessment of such information was impossible after the implementation of the new form, because this information was removed from the current form.…”

Epidemiological overview of HIV/AIDS in pregnant women from a state of northeastern Brazil

“…Considering the variables, we can observe that schooling presented the greatest percentage of cases in groups with eight or fewer years of schooling. Similarly, a study conducted at the University Hospital of Santa Maria (RS) found that 65% of the pregnant women infected with HIV had low level of schooling (13) . Identical situation occurred in Passos (MG), in which authors showed low level of schooling in 80% of the women studied (14) .…”

“…As for the prenatal care of pregnant women with HIV/AIDS, despite the increasing adherence of these women to prenatal care throughout the study period, the percentage of those who did not get prenatal care may be associated with the ignorance of their condition, as well as to weaknesses in the active search for health a system. A study developed in southern Brazil showed that almost 70% of pregnant women have their diagnosis in the gestation period during prenatal appointments; therefore, when the beginning of these appointments are delayed or occurs in insufficient number, they constitute barriers to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (43) . In Fortaleza, the authors noticed that pregnant women who discovered HIV early on began antiretroviral treatment more quickly, showing the importance of early diagnosis for more effective compliance.…”