Determinação em tempo real da magnitude de danos físicos por impacto em linhas de beneficiamento e em condições de laboratório e seus efeitos na qualidade de tomate

Ferreira, Marcos D.; Camargo, Gustavo G. de T.; Andreuccetti, Caroline; Moretti, Celso Luiz

doi:10.1590/s0100-69162009000400013

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Besides drop height, the rigid surface might have contributed to high impact incidence. Effective physical damage decreases can be obtained with the employment of protective surfaces, with appropriate padded materials that allow dissipation of energy produced by dropping (FERREIRA et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical damage during harvest and loading affect orange postharvest quality

2015

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ABSTRACT:Brazil is the world's largest orange producer; however, part of this production is lost during postharvest. This loss can be minimized by controlling incidence of physical damage throughout the harvest and loading operations. Impacts can negatively modify quantitative and qualitative fruits aspects. The main goal of this study was to measure the impact magnitude in two types of harvest (manual and detachment) and during all steps from picking into bags until loading for transport to the processing industry and additionally evaluating, in laboratory, the physicochemical quality of the fruit subjected to various impacts, similar to those found in the field. In order to evaluate the impact magnitude, an instrumented sphere was used (760 mm, Techmark, Inc, USA). The following physico-chemical parameters were evaluated during 6-days of storage: weight loss, soluble solids contents, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content, pH, firmness and peel color. The greatest impacts were observed during harvest, during the detachment practice, and when loading and unloading from bulk storage, with average acceleration values between 249.5 and 531.52G. The impact incidence in oranges were responsible for reducing the soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and weight by to 5.5%; 8.7%; 4.6% and 0.5%, respectively, compared to the control. Impacts during harvest and the various pre-industry manipulation steps must be controlled as they interfere in postharvest quality and physiology of 'Valência' oranges. KEYWORDS:Citrus sinensis; instrumented sphere; manual, detachment, soluble solids. DANOS MECÂNICOS NA COLHEITA E CARREGAMENTO DE LARANJAS E QUALIDADE PÓS-COLHEITARESUMO: O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de laranjas; contudo, parte desta produção é perdida ao longo da pós-colheita. Essas perdas podem ser minimizadas controlando-se a incidência de danos físicos nas operações de colheita e carregamento. Os impactos podem alterar negativamente aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos da produção. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mensurar a magnitude dos impactos em dois tipos de colheita (manual e derriça) e durante as etapas desde a coleta dos frutos nas sacolas até o carregamento de laranjas para indústria e, adicionalmente, avaliar em laboratório a qualidade físico-química de frutos submetidos a magnitude de impactos similares aos encontrados em campo. Para a avaliação da magnitude dos impactos, foi utilizada a esfera instrumentada (760 mm, Techmark, Inc, USA). Durante armazenamento por seis dias, as avaliações físico-químicas foram: perda de massa fresca, teores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, teor de ácido ascórbico, pH, firmeza e coloração da casca. Os maiores impactos avaliados foram na colheita, durante a prática da derriça, e no carregamento, ao longo da transferência do armazenamento para o caminhão, com valores médios de aceleração entre 249,5 e 531,52G (m s -2 ). A incidência de impactos nas laranjas foi responsável pela redução de até 5,5%; 8,7%; 4,6% e 0,5 % em relação ao controle para sólidos so...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fruits impact on rigid surfaces of the interchange points tends to be significant (FERREIRA et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical damage during harvest and loading affect orange postharvest quality

2015

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“…Os danos físicos afetam significativamente as composições química e física do pericarpo e do tecido locular em frutos de tomate (FERREIRA et al, 2009). Desta forma, a colheita no estádio de maturação apropriado determinará a qualidade (DAMATTO JÚNIOR et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Força requerida para o desprendimento de frutos de tomate industrial em diferentes estádios de maturação

et al. 2015

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RESUMO:A colheita do tomate destinado ao processamento, atualmente, é feita com colhedoras automotrizes; para isso, são necessários estudos que viabilizem a melhoria destas colhedoras, reduzindo assim perdas no campo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar a força necessária para o desprendimento do fruto de tomate de seu pedúnculo em diferentes estágios de maturação. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Madeira, no Município de Gameleira de Goiás-GO, e no Laboratório de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Nas condições de campo, os frutos foram retirados avaliando-se a força de tração no sentido axial do pedúnculo ao fruto e, em laboratório, nos sentidos axial e transversal. O trabalho foi realizado no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com fator único, com dez repetições. Os tratamentos foram os estádios de maturação, considerando tomates verdes, tomates pintados e tomates maduros. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância, aplicando-se o teste de F e, quando significativo, o teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. A força axial média requerida para os desprendimentos foi de 14,69 N, com maior valor para os frutos maduros. Para o esforço transversal, os valores médios foram 0,98; 1,37 e 1,86 N para os frutos verdes, pintados e maduros, respectivamente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: colheita mecanizada, tomate industrial, Solanum lycopersicum. REQUIRED STRENGTH FOR DETACHMENT OF INDUSTRIAL TOMATO FRUITS IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURITYABSTRACT: The harvest of tomatoes for processing is currently done with automotive harvesters, studies are needed for improvement of these harvesters, thus reducing field losses. This study aimed to quantify the strength required for detachment of tomato fruit to its peduncle at different stages of maturation. The experiment was conducted at Fazenda Madeira, in the Municipality of Gameleira Goiás-GO and in the Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering of Universidade Estadual de Goiás. In field conditions, it was evaluated the tensile force in the axial direction of the peduncle to fruit, and, in the laboratory, in the axial direction and transverse. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design, with one factor and ten repetitions. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with one factor and ten repetitions. The treatments were the stages of maturation, considering green tomatoes, painted tomatoes and ripe tomatoes. The results were subjected to analysis of variance applying the F test when s ignificant, the Tukey test at 5% probability. The average axial force required for detachment was 14.69 N, with greater value for the ripe tomatoes. To the transverse effort the mean values were 0.98, 1.37 and 1.86 N, for green, painted and ripe tomatoes, respectively.

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Critical points of industrial tomato from field to processing

Moura

Golynski

2018

Hortic. Bras.

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The authors evaluated critical points of production stages of the industrial tomato, through physical and physico-chemical analyzes of U2006 hybrid fruits in the harvest, 2016. Fruits were evaluated in relation to raw material, temperature, fresh mass, pH, soluble solids (°Brix), firmness, titratable acidity and extravasation of electrolytes. Samples were collected in six steps: manual, mechanized, truck, arrival at industry, unloading and selection mat in two periods, morning and afternoon, totalizing 60 fruits for each step, and four replications. Fruits which waited for more than 10 hours in the yard generated an increase in serious defects (%), loss of fresh mass, discount on the amount paid for the load. The most critical stages of the production process were identified when tomatoes arrived at the industry and their unloading, when the fruits presented fresh mass loss due to the high temperature. In addition, the authors highlight that a better organization in the arrivals at the industry as well as an efficient communication of crop restriction is crucial, since unscheduled stops increase waiting time, causing significant quality losses.

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Determinação em tempo real da magnitude de danos físicos por impacto em linhas de beneficiamento e em condições de laboratório e seus efeitos na qualidade de tomate

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanical damage during harvest and loading affect orange postharvest quality

Mechanical damage during harvest and loading affect orange postharvest quality

Força requerida para o desprendimento de frutos de tomate industrial em diferentes estádios de maturação

Critical points of industrial tomato from field to processing

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