Mycobiota evolution during storage of paddy, brown and milled rice in different genotypes

Abstract

RESUMOPalavras-chave adicionais: Oryza sativa, sanidade de sementes, patologia de sementes.O grão de arroz é, com frequência, atacado por uma série de patógenos (fungos) durante o armazenamento produzindo danos econômicos e à saúde humana. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os gêneros fúngicos presentes em diferentes genótipos de arroz e quantificar sua variação durante o armazenamento. Analisaram-se as frações casca, integral e polido dos genótipos Nutriar (N), H329-5 (H329) e Don Ignácio aos 4, 8 e 12 meses de armazenamento. Os fungos foram identificados por suas características micromorfológicas Pinciroli, M.; Gribaldo, A.; Vidal, A.; Bezus, R.; Sisterna, M. Evolução da micobiota durante o armazenamento do grão de arroz com casca, integral e polido em diferentes genótipos. Summa Phytopathologica, v.39, n.3, p.157-161, 2013. e suas colônias. Os gêneros observados segundo sua frequência foram: Alternaria, Nigrospora, Epicoccum, Bipolaris, Curvularia, Cladosporium e Fusarium (fungos de campo) e Penicillium e Aspergillus (fungos de armazenamento). A composição da micoflora foi diferente segundo fração de grão e tempo de armazenamento: os fungos de campo localizaram-se na casca e no farelo, enquanto os de armazenamento, no endosperma. Os diferentes genótipos apresentaram diferente suscetibilidade à contaminação.Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major commercial cereal grains in the world, together with wheat and corn. Around 433.8 million tons of milled rice have been produced all over the world (30). Most of the cultivated rice is consumed as head rice, without processing. Therefore, its health is important for both seed use and human consumption. Rice processing involves the milling process. The milled fractions are: paddy rice (without elaboration), brown rice and milled rice.Fungi grown on seeds can cause severe damage (seed abortion, necroses, discoloration, shrunken seeds) and reduce seed yield (17). The mycobiota associated to the grain can be modified by the cultivar (6) and the milling fraction (12) during storage. Neninger et al. (19) reported over 99 species and 59 fungal genera, the most complete list of organisms associated to rice seed. These fungi can be grouped into two categories: "field fungi" which are more or less parasitic and infect the grains before harvest, and "storage fungi" which usually are saprophytes and develop after harvest (3).Alternaria is the most common contaminating fungi detected in cereal grains before harvest. This genus is frequently found on glumes but may cause black spots on the endosperm and may contribute to a decrease in grain quality (20). Alternaria presents several speciesThe rice grain is frequently infected by a series of pathogens (fungi) during its storage, producing damages to the economy and health of humans. The aim of this study was to identify the fungal genera present in different rice genotypes and to quantify their variation during storage. Paddy, brown and milled rice fractions of Nutriar, (N) H329-5(H329) and Don Ignacio genotypes were ana...

Maternal effects and environmental filtering shape seed fungal communities in oak trees

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An Investigation on Disease Incidence, Grain Yield and Quality of BRRI Dhan29 in Bangladesh

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Hongos Asociados Al Manchado Del Grano Del Arroz: Una Revisión

“…Ha sido reportada en Argentina (Pinciroli et al, 2013), Bangladés (Sultana et al, 2020), Chad (Signaboubo et al, 2016), India (Sharma et al, 2016), México (Hernández-Arenas et al, 2012), Pakistán (Rehman et al, 2018), Sudáfrica (Hossain et al, 2015) y Tanzania (Kwaloe et al, 2018). Alternaria alternata ocasiona pérdidas al afectar la calidad del grano y producir micotoxinas tales como alternariol (AOH), éter monometílico del alternariol (AME), altenueno (ALT), ácido tenuazónico (TeA) y altertoxinas (ATX-I y ATX-II) (Nguyen et al, 2018).…”