Integrando ferramentas de auxílio ao diagnóstico no sistema de arquivamento e comunicação de imagens

Abstract

OBJETIVO: Este artigo apresenta um modelo de integração de algoritmos de diagnóstico auxiliado por computador dentro do fluxo de trabalho dos sistemas de gerenciamento de imagens, desenvolvido com base em um conjunto de ferramentas computacionais de código aberto e uso livre chamado dcm4che2. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O modelo de integração é composto por um servidor de processamento de imagens e por serviços de comunicação. O gerenciamento de dados segue o fluxo de trabalho definido pelo perfil de pós-processamento (PWF) do Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) e utiliza a funcionalidade de captura secundária do DICOM. Uma aplicação para lesões difusas de pulmão foi utilizada para prova de conceito. RESULTADOS: O algoritmo de classificação de padrões apresentou acurácia de 78%, com base em um método de teste de validação cruzada. A integração possibilita a visualização das imagens processadas como uma nova série dentro do estudo original. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de integração proposto baseiase em perfis do IHE e permite o estabelecimento de procedimentos padronizados. Os princípios utilizados para integração do fluxo de trabalho são aplicáveis para qualquer tarefa não interativa de pós-processamento de imagens.

Characteristics of a Hybrid Image Archiving and Communication System Serving a Neurological-Neurosurgical Facility

“…In the clinical context, an image database is important in order to guarantee the long-term storage of radiological information obtained for each patient, in addition to optimizing patient management through the sharing of information via the local area network (intranet). Another feature of the PACS system relevant to its clinical use is the ability to manipulate and visualize medical images without the use of conventional films 2,7,12 . This reduces significantly the maintenance costs 6 .…”

“…Hybrid image databases are commonly used in countries including France, the USA and Japan [8][9][10] , which are the forefront of medical technology. In Brazil, although the storage of medical images for research purposes is not universal, such systems do exist, mainly in Southern and Southeastern regions, including Curitiba, Porto Alegre, Ribeirão Preto and São Paulo 5,6,11,12 . In some of these locations, PACS systems were implemented thanks to the development of specific software which met the needs of the database, thus reducing operating costs 1,3,4 (Table 4a and…”

“…The Bank of Clinical Images (BIC) is a collection of medical images which can be used for clinical and research purposes. Various institutions in Brazil use clinical image databases in PACS (Picture Archive and Communication System) format 5,6,11,12 . Hybrid image databases used for both clinical care and medical research exist in Europe, the USA and Japan [8][9][10] .…”

Construction of an index of information from clinical practice in Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis based on text mining and thesaurus

“…The associative relationship allows that terms related to areas different and/or distant as regards hierarchy and equivalence (antonyms) may be organized due to diagnostic associations (causeeffect ratio) ( Table 1), for example. However, even considering the versatility in the construction of relationships, a thesaurus does not favor the establishment of relationships automatically processable by machines (1,9) . Ontology is an appropriate knowledge representation system which allows for computer processing (18) and also establishes robust inference rules for the medical practice (31)(32)(33)(34) .…”

“…All these systems follow rigorous protocols and communication Standards, particularly the PACS (Picture Archiving Communication System) environment and the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standard. On the other hand, it may be considered that the textual information involves little technology implementation (2,6) , since it has presented small advances in spite of efforts towards the design of lexical systems, such as the American College of Radiology's Index for Radiological Diagnoses (ACR Index) (6) , the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS Atlas©) (7) , the Radlex© (8) , and also the vocabularies included in the DICOM and PACS communication standards (9) . Most of such lexical systems and vocabularies designed for communication are available only in English.…”