Toxicidade diferencial de produtos à base de abamectina ao ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) em citros

Abstract

RESUMO-O ácaroBrevipalpus phoenicis é uma das principais pragas dos citros por ser vetor do "Citrus Leprosis Virus" (CiLV), agente causal da leprose, uma das mais graves doenças da citricultura. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito tóxico de produtos à base de abamectina sobre o ácaro B. phoenicis. Foram realizados um experimento de ação direta e três de ação residual no Laboratório de Acarologia do Departamento de Proteção de Plantas (Fitossanidade) da FCAV -UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP. O delineamento adotado nos bioensaios foi o inteiramente casualizado, onde 10 tratamentos foram repetidos 7 vezes, sendo cada repetição composta por um fruto de laranja. Os tratamentos estudados (mL p.c./100 L de água) foram: Acaramik a 20; 30; 40 e 50 mL; Vertimec a 30 e 40 mL; Abamectin Nortox a 30 e 40 mL; Tricofol a 77 mL e uma testemunha sem aplicação. Utilizaram-se frutos com presença de verrugose, que foram lavados e parcialmente parafi nados, deixando-se uma área sem parafi na, que foi circundada com cola entomológica para contenção dos ácaros. Transferiram-se 20 ácaros adultos B. phoenicis para cada fruto. No bioensaio de ação direta, a transferência foi realizada antes das aplicações e, nos bioensaios de ação residual, aos 5; 10 e 15 dias após a aplicação dos produtos. A aplicação dos produtos sobre os frutos foi realizada em Torre de Potter. Os resultados obtidos nos bioensaios evidenciaram que os melhores tratamentos foram: Tricofol a 77 mL, Acaramik a 40 e 50 mL e Vertimec a 40 mL. De forma geral, os produtos testados podem ser utilizados no controle do ácaro B. phoenicis. Termos para indexação: Leprose dos citros, Controle químico, Manejo Integrado de Pragas. DIFFERENTIAL TOXICITY OF ABAMECTIN BASED PRODUCTS OVER Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (ACARI: Tenuipalpidae) MITE IN CITRUSABSTRACT -The mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is one of the most important pests in Brazil citrus plantation, because it is the virus "Citrus Leprosis Virus" (CiLV) vector, one of the most serious citrus plantation diseases. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the toxical effect of abamectin in the mite B. phoenicis. It was performed one direct action and three persistence action bioassays at the Acarology Laboratory from the Department of Plant Protection of FCAV/UNESP, in Jaboticabal, São Paulo state. In the bioassays it was used the completely randomized design, with 10 treatments repeated 7 times, and each sample composed by one orange fruit. The treatments performed (mL c.p./100 L) were: Acaramik at 20, 30, 40 and 50 mL; Vertimec at 30 and 40 mL; Abamectin Nortox at 30 and 40 mL; Tricofol at 77 mL and a control without application. It was used fruits with citrus scab. The fruits were washed and partially covered with paraffi n, keeping a circular area over the top without being covered, which was surrounded with entomological glue for containing mites on it. It was transferred to each fruit 20 adult mites B. phoenicis. In the direct action bioassay, the transfer was made before product applicat...

Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Modeling and Docking of Monoterpenes with Insecticidal Activity Against Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder and Drosophila melanogaster

“…Insecticides belonging to the chemical groups of avermectin (abamectin, ivermectin), phenylpyrazole (fipronil), and neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) are efficient for the control of Reticulitermes chinensis . Insecticides of the avermectin group act on the nervous system chlorine channel activators, fipronil hits the gamma-amino butyric acid type A receptors (GABARs), and imidacloprid hits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) …”

“…Insecticides belonging to the chemical groups of avermectin (abamectin, ivermectin), phenylpyrazole (fipronil), and neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) are efficient for the control of Reticulitermes chinensis. 20 Insecticides of the avermectin group act on the nervous system chlorine channel activators, 21 fipronil hits the gamma-amino butyric acid type A receptors (GABARs), 22 and imidacloprid hits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). 23 Due to the absence of such targets protein crystallography in the database Protein Data Bank (PDB, https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/home/ home.do) 24 and the absence of available sequences of these proteins in the PubMed database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein) 13 and in the UniProtKB database (http://www.uniprot.org/) 25 for species of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder, the study Docking and Dynamics Simulations could not be performed.…”

The importance of acaricides in the control of citrus leprosis mite and factors that interfere with the efficacy

“…In most cases, these problems result from the reduced number of machines available for operation and the logistics of acquiring the products needed for the application (Bassanezi, 2018). The increase in the interval between detection and control action makes the mite population more significant at the time of application, and, even if the acaricide is efficient, the residual mite population will be larger, consequently, it will take less time to reach the control action level again, resulting in a shorter period of mite control by the acaricide (Bassanezi, 2018;Andrade et al, 2010c).…”