Efeitos de tratamentos diferenciados no plantio de banana var. Prata-Anã através da quantificação de resíduos de carbofuran

Abstract

RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os níveis de resíduos de carbofuran utilizando métodos específicos de análise em amostras de bananas Musa spp submetidas a nove tratamentos distintos de controle químico. As aplicações do produto na plantação foram realizadas durante o cultivo segundo as Boas Práticas Agrícolas (BPA), evidenciando-se os seus efeitos nas concentrações de resíduos. Em seis destes tratamentos, efetuou-se a aplicação de 80g/planta do produto comercial diretamente no solo, de acordo com a recomendação do fabricante, e nos outros três tratamentos restantes, foram feitas aplicações com uma quantidade aproximadamente seis vezes menor (12g/planta) na muda desbastada. Após a colheita, os frutos foram analisados casca e polpa separadamente por cromatografia gasosa de alta resolução, com detetor de nitrogênio-fósforo (CGAR-DNP). Ficou demonstrado que a aplicação de subdoses com redução de 85% do total recomendado, quando aplicadas na muda desbastada, é equivalente aos tratamentos onde se usa quantidade mais elevada deste produto aplicado no solo. A variação do modo de aplicação e aplicações de agrotóxico em menor quantidade deixaram resíduos de carbofuran nos frutos em concentrações aproximadamente similares às aplicações onde se usou a quantidade recomendada pelo fabricante. Assim, no que concerne aos níveis residuais de agrotóxicos, aplicando-se subdoses na muda desbastada, pode-se ter o mesmo resultado, obtendo-se adicionalmente maior proteção contra a poluição do meio ambiente, além de maior economia. Termos para indexação: Musa spp., controle químico, análise de resíduos, carbofuran, pós-colheita DIFFERENT TREATMENTS OF CARBOFURAN IN THE FIELD OF BANANA VAR. PRATA-ANÃ ON PESTICIDES RESIDUESABSTRACT -The aim of this study was to determinate the carbofuran pesticide residues, using specific analysis methods in bananas, which were submitted to nine different treatments of this insecticide. Carbofuran applications on the banana field were done during the cultivation according to Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), to associate its effects at the residues concentrations. In six of those treatments, 80g/plant of the commercial product were applied directly on the soil, as recommended by the manufacturer and, the three others applications were done in approximately six times lower quantity (12 g/plant) in cut plant. It was established that applications on cut plant with 85% lower concentration of pesticide, stay in the plant similarly to those treatments where a greater quantity of insecticide were applied on the soil. Variation on the way of application and applications with lower quantities of pesticide proved to be as equivalent as the use recommended by the manufacturer, having in this case, more protection to man and against environment's pollution, in addition to having more economy. Index terms: Musa spp., chemical control, residues analysis, carbofuran, post harvest INTRODUÇÃOA praga conhecida por broca-do-rizoma ou moleque-dabananeira, causada pelo Cosmopolites sordidus (Germ.) (Coolept...

Environmental indicators of banana production in Brazil: Cavendish and Prata varieties

“…However, no data on the active ingredients of the pesticides used for apple and peach were available in the published paper. These environmental impacts of bananas can be reduced through changes in the application of this pesticide as shown by study developed by Castro et al (2005), which evaluated carbofuran residues in Prata bananas submitted to nine different treatments of this pesticide. Carbofuran is used in the control of rhizome-borer, which is a serious problem in banana plantations, and can be found in all banana farms, regardless of the cultivar used.…”

“…In the study developed by Castro et al (2005), carbofuran applications on the banana field were done during the banana cultivation according to Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in order to correlate their effects with the residual levels of this carbamate in the fruits. In six of those treatments, 80 g plant À1 of the commercial product were applied directly on the soil, as recommended by the manufacturer, while the other three applications were done in a smaller amount of carbofuran (only 15% of the quantity prescribed by the manufacturer or 12 g plant À1 ) on cut plant.…”