Occurence of thrips on Niagara table grape and its control with the insecticides thiacloprid and methiocarb associated with Metarhizium anisopliae

Abstract

Thrips are reported as important pests on table grapes in United States and several countries of Europe. Damage caused by thrips, particulary Frankliniella occidentalis, was observed on niagara table grape crop in Limeira-SP, Brazil. During the blooming period, high thrips densities were observed feeding on pollen and small berries. The symptoms left were more visible after the development of the berries and were characterized by dark scars and suberized surface on berries, sometimes causing the berry to crack, and the seed to prolapse. The effect of insecticides thiacloprid or methiocarb, associated or not with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae were evaluated during the blooming period. For evaluation of thrips damage on fruits, the treatments were applied three additional times, 7, 14 and 21 days after the first application. The treatments were: a) M. anisopliae (strain 1037) 1x10(7) conidia/mL; b) thiacloprid 20mL/100L; c-d) methiocarb 100 and 150mL/100L; e) methiocarb 100mL/100L + M. anisopliae 1x10(7) conidia/mL. Only methiocarb, associated or not with the fungus, was effective in reducing thrips infestation, and no phytotoxic damage was observed. The efficiency of methiocarb 150mL/100L and the insecticide associated with the fungus for the control of the thrips population was 84.2 and 95.5%, respectively. In both cases, there was a reduction of approximately 70% in the number of berries with scars symptoms. For control of thrips on table grapes, chemical insecticides associated or not with M. anisopliae should be applied during the blooming period of the crop.

Variação sazonal de espécies de tripes em videira de acordo com sistemas de manejo e fases fenológicas

“…Estes insetos têm sido citados como importantes pragas em uvas finas de mesa em diversos países da Europa, América do Sul e Estados Unidos (Lopes et al, 2002;Morse & Hoddle, 2006;Mujica et al, 2007a). No Brasil, Monteiro (2002) relatou a ocorrência de Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) e Retithrips syriacus Mayet, todos da família Thripidae.…”

“…No Brasil, Monteiro (2002) relatou a ocorrência de Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) e Retithrips syriacus Mayet, todos da família Thripidae. Lopes et al (2002) observaram a presença de F. occidentalis (Pergande) (Thripidae) em área de cultivo da uva 'Niagara', em Limeira, SP. Na região de Marialva, PR, duas espécies de Thripidae, F. rodeos (Moulton) e F. gardeniae Moulton, foram relatadas em uva 'Itália' (Botton et al, 2007).…”

Injuries caused by frankliniella spp. (thysanoptera: thripidae) on seedless grapes

“…Thrips are considered a major pest of the common grape vine (Vitis vinifera L.) (Roditakis;Roditakis, 2007), being the genus Frankliniella one of the most important on various countries (McNally et al, 1985;Lopes et al, 2002;Tsitsipis et al, 2003;Mujica et al, 2007;Borbón, 2013).…”

“…In Brazil, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Lopes et al, 2002), F. schultzei (Trybom) (Monteiro;Zucchi, 2001;Monteiro, 2002), F. rodeos Moulton, synonym of F. gemina Bagnall (Cavalleri;Mound, 2012), F. gardeniae Moulton (Botton et al, 2007), F. brevicaulis Hood and an unidentified species of Frankliniella sp. (Moreira et al, 2012) were observed during the flowering of the grape vine.…”

“…Some authors (Jensen;Flaherthy;Luvise, 1981;Botton et al, 2007;Mujica et al, 2007) reported the presence of a whitish halo around a small scar at the place of posture, on the berries. Lopes et al (2002) described a dark and suberized scar, in some cases causing Niagara grapes to crack and seeds to prolapse. These insects can cause other types of injuries, depending on crop and thrips species.…”