Androgenic response of wheat genotypes resistant to fusariosis

Abstract

The objective of this work was to assess the androgenic response, via microspore culture, of wheat genotypes with different levels of resistance to Gibberella zeae. The number of androgenic embryos per spike, and of green and albino plants was counted for the BRS 179 (moderately resistant), Frontana and Sumai 3 (resistant), and BRS 194, Embrapa 27, and Fielder (susceptible) genotypes. The degree of interference by the Fielder, Pavon 76, and Sumai 3 ovary-donor genotypes, used for co-culture with the microspore cells, was also assessed regarding androgenic response. Induction efficiency ranged from 0.33 embryo per spike for Embrapa 27 to 109.8 embryos for Frontana. Sumai 3 presented the second best response, and Embrapa 27 behaved as highly recalcitrant. The co-culture of ovaries from the Fielder genotype stands out from the others and positively interferes in the embryo induction rate. No significant differences were observed for the regeneration frequency of green plants; however, for albino plants, BRS 194 produced the highest rate. Frontana and Sumai 3 present the highest androgenic response rates and can be used in breeding programs for the rapid development of cultivars resistant to Gibberella zeae.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica

“…Controlled light and temperature conditions (greenhouse, phytotron chamber) offer a good chance for growing donor plants during the whole year (Ghaemi et al, 1995;Torp et al, 2001;Pauk et al, 2003;Tuvesson et al, 2000Tuvesson et al, , 2003Soriano et al, 2007Soriano et al, , 2008Broughton, 2008Broughton, , 2011Redha and Suleman, 2011;Brew-Appiah et al, 2013;Sanchez-Diaz et al, 2013;Castillo et al, 2015;Rubtsova et al, 2013;Nielsen et al, 2015;Seifert et al, 2016;Barakat et al, 2017;Sen, 2017;Coelho et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Orlowska et al, 2020;Broughton et al, 2020). The optimized conditions (temperature, light and humidity) can provide healthy donor plants.…”

“…The winter type genotypes require a vernalization period (6-8 weeks at 3-4°C) after germination. Generally, the donor plants are grown at approximately 18-21/12-15°C (day/night) with 12-18 h photoperiod and 70-80% humidity (Soriano et al, 2007(Soriano et al, , 2008Sanchez-Diaz et al, 2013;Castillo et al, 2015;Coelho et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Broughton et al, 2020). Furthermore, the donor plants are regularly nourished with a fertilizer solution.…”

In vitro anther culture as efficiently applied technique for doubled haploid production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Controlled conditions of light and temperature allow growing of donor plants throughout the year (Torp et al, 2001;Pauk et al, 2003;Tuvesson et al, 2000Tuvesson et al, , 2003Soriano et al, 2007Soriano et al, , 2008Broughton, 2008Broughton, , 2011Redha & Suleman, 2011;Castillo et al, 2015;Rubtsova et al, 2013;Coelho et al, 2018;Orlowska et al, 2020;Broughton et al, 2020). Thus, the availability of plant material for anther culture improvements and applied research are not restricted to certain months.…”

“…After germination, the winter wheat genotypes require a vernalization period of 6-8 weeks at 3-4°C. The ideal conditions for healthy plants are adjusted at about 18-21°C/day and 12-15°C/night with 12-18 h photoperiod and 70-80% humidity (Soriano et al, 2007(Soriano et al, , 2008Sanchez-Diaz et al, 2013;Castillo et al, 2015;Coelho et al, 2018;Broughton et al, 2020). Besides, a fertilizer solution is needed to regularly nourish the donor plants.…”

“…Cold pre-treatment of donor tillers is the favourite way to reprogram the microspores. In vitro androgenesis of microspores can be induced through long cold pretreatment of donor tillers at 2-5°C, for 10-28 days) (Pauk et al, 2003;Lantos et al, 2013;Lantos & Pauk, 2016;Coelho et al, 2018;Kanbar et al, 2020aKanbar et al, , 2020b). Short cold pre-treatment at 4-6°C for 3-8 days can also be efficient for induction of androgenesis (Broughton 2008(Broughton , 2011Rubtsova et al, 2013;Weigt et al 2016Weigt et al , 2019Lazaridou et al, 2016).…”