Amino acid composition of soybean seeds as affected by climatic variables

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to perform a quantitative analysis of the amino acid composition of soybean seeds as affected by climatic variables during seed filling. Amino acids were determined from seed samples taken at harvest in 31 multi-environment field trials carried out in Argentina. Total amino acids ranged from 31.69 to 49.14%, and total essential and nonessential amino acids varied from 12.83 to 19.02% and from 18.86 to 31.15%, respectively. Variance components expressed as the percentage of total variation showed that the environment was the most important source of variation for all traits, followed by the genotype x environment interaction. Significant explanatory linear regressions were detected for amino acid content regarding: average daily mean air temperature and cumulative solar radiation, during seed filling; precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration, during the whole reproductive period; and the combinations of these climatic variables. Each amino acid behaves differently according to environmental conditions, indicating compensatory effects among them.Index terms: Glycine max, environmental variation, multiple linear regression, multi-environment trials, protein composition. Conteúdo de aminoácidos em sementes de soja em função de variáveis climáticasResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma análise quantitativa da composição de aminoácidos de sementes de soja em função de variáveis climáticas, durante o período de formação do grão. Foram analisados os aminoácidos de amostras de sementes colhidas no momento da colheita a partir de 31 ensaios multiambientais realizados a campo na Argentina. Os aminoácidos totais variaram de 31,69 a 49,14%, e o total de aminoácidos essenciais e não essenciais variou de 12,83 a 19,02% e de 18,86 a 31,15%, respectivamente. Os componentes de variância expressos como percentagem da variação total mostraram que o ambiente foi a fonte de variação mais importante, seguido da interação genótipo x ambiente. Regressões lineares significativas foram detectadas para o conteúdo de aminoácidos em relação a: temperatura média diária do ar e radiação solar acumulada, durante a formação dos grãos; precipitação menos evapotranspiração potencial, durante todo o período reprodutivo; e combinações dessas variáveis climáticas. Cada aminoácido comporta-se de forma diferente de acordo com as variações nas condições ambientais, o que indica efeitos compensatórios entre eles.Termos para indexação: Glycine max, variação ambiental, regressão linear múltipla, ensaios multiambientais, composição de proteínas.

The nutritive value of marula (Sclerocarya birrea) seed cake for broiler chickens: nutritional composition, performance, carcass characteristics and oxidative and mycotoxin status

“…It was also found to contain rather good levels of valine, glycine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, phenylalanine, serine, proline and alanine that are similar to typical values for SBM (Goldflus et al 2006; Carrera et al 2011; Nahashon and Kilonzo-Nthenge 2011). These findings are in agreement with previous observations that the protein in the kernel of marula seed is limiting in lysine yet a good source of leucine and sulphur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine (Mojeremane and Tshwenyane 2004; Mariod et al 2005; Muhammad et al 2011a), with a predominance of glutamic acid and arginine (Mariod and Abdelwahab 2012).…”

Regional Distribution of Protein and Oil Compositions of Soybean Cultivars in China

“…They also found that the decrease of protein content was greater than the increase of oil in the hot drier regions. Carrera et al (2011) reported that amino acid composition of soybean was strongly affected by environmental factors during the seed filling period, and environment was the most important source of variation, followed by the genotype and environment interaction. Li et al (2004) studied the protein and oil content of soybean from 19 provinces of China and found that the protein content of soybean increased from Northern to Southern China, while the content of oil decreased.…”

Changes in the Relationship Between Temperature During the Seed‐Filling Period and Soya Bean Seed Isoflavones Under Water‐Deficit Conditions

“…The analogous trend observed in the response of all isomers (which sum to the total isoflavone content) is not an obvious tendency, mainly for soya bean meal components, as shown by Carrera et al. () for all the amino acids (which sum to the total protein). Indeed, the authors concluded that each aminoacid behaved differently according to the environmental conditions, indicating compensatory effects among them.…”