Substituição da farinha de peixe em dietas para camarões marinhos cultivados em sistema bioflocos

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a substituição de dois níveis de inclusão de farinha de peixe por outros ingredientes, nas dietas de Litopenaeus vannamei cultivados em sistema bioflocos. Foram avaliadas dietas sem uso de farinha de peixe (dieta A, 100% de substituição), com inclusão de 12,5% de farinha de peixe (dieta B, 40% de substituição) e direta controle com inclusão de 21% (dieta C, 0% de substituição). Nas dietas A e B, o farelo de soja e as farinhas de carne e vísceras foram os principais substitutos proteicos. Foram analisados os índices de desempenho dos camarões e os parâmetros físicos e químicos da água de cultivo. Os camarões alimentados com a dieta B apresentaram maior peso final (11,63±1,38 g), em comparação aos camarões alimentados com a dieta A (peso final, 9,39±0,31 g) e com a dieta C (peso final, 10,20±1,10 g). Os demais parâmetros de desempenho como produtividade, conversão alimentar e sobrevivência não apresentaram diferenças entre os tratamentos. A redução de até 40,0% da farinha de peixe pode ser feita em cultivos superintensivos de L. vannamei com bioflocos, sem interferir em seu desempenho zootécnico e na qualidade de água do cultivo.Termos para indexação: Litopenaeus vannamei, carcinicultura, sistema heterotrófico. Substitution of fish meal in diets for marine shrimp grown in a biofloc systemAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the substitution of two fish meal inclusion levels by other ingredients, in the diets of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a biofloc system. The following diets were evaluated: without fish meal (diet A, 100% replacent), with addition of 12.5% of fish meal (diet B, 40% replacent), and a control diet with addition of 21% (diet C, 0% replacent). In diets A and B, soybean meal and meat and viscera meals were the main protein replacement. The performance indexes of shrimps and the physical and chemical parameters of water were analyzed. Shrimp fed diet B had higher final weight (11.63±1.38 g), compared to shrimp fed a diet A (9.39±0.31 g final weight) or C (10.20±1.10 g final weight). The other parameters of performance such as yield, feed conversion and survival did not differ between treatments. The reduction of fish meal by 40.0% can be done in a L. vannamei superintensive biofloc system without interfering on their growth performance or on the water quality of the culture.

Replacement of fishmeal for soy protein concentrate in diets for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei in biofloc-based rearing system

“…The weekly gain was similar to that observed by Jatobá et al (2014) for shrimp fed experimental diets containing fishmeal (1.79 g/week). For shrimp fed a diet with 100% replacement of fishmeal, the lowest weekly gain of 1.57 g was still higher than the growth reported in other studies with fishmeal-free diets (Ray et al, 2010;Scopel et al, 2011;Sookying and Davis, 2011;Bauer et al, 2012;Sá et al, 2013) or experimental and/or commercial diets with fishmeal (Ray et al, 2010;Scopel et al, 2011;Bauer et al, 2012;Sá et al, 2013;Schveitzer et al, 2013a;2013b). These results demonstrated that the diet without fishmeal, even though deficient in essential amino acids, provided a satisfactory growth.…”

Biofloc Technology (BFT): A Review for Aquaculture Application and Animal Food Industry

“…Also, recent studies have been demonstrated that fishmeal in shrimp diets can be partially replaced by other protein sources under biofloc conditions or by biofloc meal. In [90] was evaluated two fishmeal replacement levels (40 and 100% of replacement) by other ingredients (soyabean meal and viscera meals) in diets for Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a biofloc system. The authors observed that fishmeal can be replaced in a level of 40.0% without interfering on growth performance and water quality.…”

Replacement of fishmeal by vegetable meal mix in the diets ofLitopenaeus vannameireared in low-salinity biofloc system: effect on digestive enzymatic activity

“…Scopel et al . () evaluated the substitution of fishmeal (40% and 100% replacement with soybean, meat and viscera meals) for L. vannamei culture in BFT, they concluded that the reduction of fishmeal by 40% can be performed without negative effects on productive parameters.…”