Marcação de fitomassa de cana-de-açúcar com aplicação de solução de uréia marcada com15N

Faroni, Carlos Eduardo; Silva, Priscila Helena da; Bologna, Isabela Rodrigues; Vitti, André César; Franco, Henrique Coutinho Junqueira

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2007000600012

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Attempting to simulate past crop residues left on the soil surface, hereafter known as previous crop trash (PCT) and rhizomes (PCR), a small plot of the previous variety (RB855536) was cropped outside this trial, and the plants were labelled by foliar spraying with a 28% 15 N urea solution, according to Faroni et al (2007). The achieved concentrations of C, N (g/kg) and 15 N (%) on PCT and PCR were 402, 5.7, 1.07% and 334, 6.6, 0.81%, respectively.…”

Section: Location Trial Design and 15 N Labelled Fertiliser/crop Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Nitrogen (15N) by Sugarcane from Previous Crop Residues and Urea Fertilisation Under a Minimum Tillage System

Fortes¹,

Vitti²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2011

Sugar Tech

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RESIDUES of green-harvested sugarcane contribute to nutrient recycling in production systems. Therefore, better understanding of trash decomposition dynamics can help crop fertilisation management. This study was conducted during the 2006-2008 seasons in Jaboticabal, north-eastern Sao Paulo State, Brazil and aimed to evaluate the nitrogen recovery rates from the previous crop residues or from urea applied on sugarcane planting in a minimum tillage system, thus without trash and rhizome incorporation in crop renewal. Previous crop residues consisted of 9 and 3 t/ha of sugarcane trash (dry tops ? leaves) and root system (roots ? rhizomes) enriched with 1.07 and 0.81% 15 N isotope, respectively. These contributed 51 and 33 kg/ ha of N. 15 N labelled trash laid on the soil surface and buried 15 N-root system attempted to simulate the original field residues disposal. The SP81-3250 variety was planted with 80 kg N/ha of a 5.17% 15 N-labelled urea. Recovery of sugarcane residues-N (trash-N and root system-N) or urea-N incorporated to the soil at planting were evaluated in distinct plant parts (stem, tops and dry leaves) during three consecutive harvest seasons. Recovery of urea-N was higher in the first harvest season (31% of initial N rate) and its uptake decreased in the second and third to 5 and 4%, respectively. In later harvested seasons, urea-N had probably been turned-over as soil organic matter and/or microbial biomass but remained in the soil N pool and available for plant recovery. Trash-N uptake closely resembled urea-N uptake, and only 13% of its N content was recovered in the first year, followed by 7 and 3% in the second and third seasons. Root system-N recovery was different since the second cut uptake was higher than the first followed by the third, 9, 6 and 2% respectively. Three year cumulative recovery of urea-N, trash-N and root system-N was 39, 23 and 17%, respectively. Most recovered N was found in stems followed by tops and dry leaves.

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Section: Location Trial Design and 15 N Labelled Fertiliser/crop Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Nitrogen (15N) by Sugarcane from Previous Crop Residues and Urea Fertilisation Under a Minimum Tillage System

Fortes¹,

Vitti²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2011

Sugar Tech

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“…Care was taken so as not to let the solution return through the orifice needle opening at the base of the sugar cane stalk. This procedure was based on results of Faroni et al (2007), who compared labeling methods of sugar cane biomass. Seven days after application of the 15 N solution (sufficient time for N translocation through the plant, including the root system), the shoots and root system was sampled.…”

Section: Metabolically Active Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To calculate the mass of metabolically active roots of each sample, the isotopic abundance, masses and N content of the roots, live root and soil plus root residue samples were used, using the expression proposed by Faroni et al (2007) …”

Section: Metabolically Active Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root system distribution of sugar cane as related to nitrogen fertilization, evaluated by two methods: monolith and probes

Otto

Trivelin

Franco

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYFew studies on sugar cane have evaluated the root system of the crop, in spite of its importance. This is mainly due to the difficulty of evaluation and high variability of results. The objective of this study was to develop an evaluation method of the cane root system by means of probes so as to evaluate the mass, distribution and metabolically active roots related to N fertilization at planting. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in an Arenic Kandiustults with medium texture in Jaboticabal/SP, in a randomized block design with four replications and four treatments: control (without N) and 40, 80 and 120 kg ha -1 of N applied in the form of urea in the planting furrow of the cane variety SP81 3250. One week before harvest, a urea-15 N solution was applied at the cane stalk base to detect active metabolism in the root system. Trenches of 1.5 m length and 0.6 m depth were opened between two sugar cane rows for root sampling by two methods: monoliths (0.3, 0.2 and 0.15 m wide, deep and long respectively) taken from the trench wall and by probe (internal diameter 0.055 m). For each method, 15 samples per plot were collected. The roots were separated from the soil in a sieve (2 mm mesh), oven-dried (at 65 °C) and the dry matter was measured. Root sampling by probes resulted in root mass that did not differ from the evaluation in monoliths, indicating that this evaluation method may be used for sugar cane root mass, although neither the root distribution in the soil profile nor the rhizome mass were efficiently evaluated, due to the small sample volume. Nitrogen fertilization at planting did not result in a greater root accumulation in the sugar cane plant, but caused changes in the distribution of the root system in the soil. The absence of N fertilization led to a better root distribution in the soil profile, with 50, 34 and 16 % in the 0-0.2, 0.2-0.4 and 0.4-0.6 m layers, respectively; in the fertilized treatments the roots were concentrated in the surface layer, with on average 70, 17 and 13 % for the same layers. The metabolically active roots were concentrated in the center of the cane stool, amounting to 40 % of the total root mass, regardless of N fertilization (application of 120 kg ha -1 N or without N).Index terms: active roots, root sampling methods. RESUMO: DISTRIBUIÇÃO DO SISTEMA RADICULAR DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR, EM FUNÇÃO DA ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA, AVALIADOS POR DOIS MÉTODOS: MONÓLITO E SONDAPoucos estudos com cana-de-açúcar avaliaram o sistema radicular da cultura, apesar de sua importância. Esse fato é devido, em grande parte, à dificuldade de avaliação e à elevada variabilidade dos resultados. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar um método de avaliação do sistema radicular da cana, por meio de sondagem, a fim de avaliar a massa, a distribuição e as raízes metabolicamente ativas em função da adubação nitrogenada de plantio. Para isso, foi conduzido experimento em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico textura média, em Jaboticabal/SP, no esquema de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições...

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“…Many benefits have been identified as a result of sugarcane trash being maintained in the field. For example, the enhancement of soil physical quality (Sparovek & Schnug, 2001), reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Figueiredo & La Scala, 2011), increase in carbon stocks (Cerri et al, 2011) and of biological activity (Souza et al, 2012), improvement of soil fertility (Vitti et al, 2011), better nutrient cycling (Franco et al, 2007) and higher yield and lifespan of sugarcane ratoons (Gava et al, 2001) are all important issues that result from trash maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of N from green harvest residues for sugarcane nutrition in Brazil

et al. 2015

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Brazil is recognized as a prominent renewable energy producer due to the production of ethanol from sugarcane. However, in order for this source of energy to be considered truly sustainable, conservation management practices, such as harvesting the cane green (without burning) and retaining the trash in the field, need to be adopted. This management practice affects mostly the nitrogen (N) cycle through the effect of trash on immobilization-mineralization of N by soil microorganisms. The aim of the experiments reported here was to evaluate N recovery from trash (trash-N) by sugarcane during three ratoon crop seasons : 2007, 2008 and 2009. Two field experiments were carried out, one in Jaboticabal and the other in Pradopolis, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The experiments were set up in a randomized block design with four replications. Within each plot, microplots were installed where the original trash was replaced by trash labelled with 15 N, and maintained up to the fourth crop cycle. Trash-N recovery was higher in the Jaboticabal site, the most productive one, than in the Prad opolis site. The average trash-N recovery across the two sites after three crop cycles was 7.6 kg ha À1 (or 16.2% of the initial N content in trash), with the remaining trash-N being incorporated into soil organic matter reserves. While these results indicate that the value of trash for sugarcane nutrition is limited in the short term, maintaining trash on the field will serve as a long-term source of N and C for the soil.

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Marcação de fitomassa de cana-de-açúcar com aplicação de solução de uréia marcada com15N

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Recovery of Nitrogen (15N) by Sugarcane from Previous Crop Residues and Urea Fertilisation Under a Minimum Tillage System

Recovery of Nitrogen (15N) by Sugarcane from Previous Crop Residues and Urea Fertilisation Under a Minimum Tillage System

Root system distribution of sugar cane as related to nitrogen fertilization, evaluated by two methods: monolith and probes

Contribution of N from green harvest residues for sugarcane nutrition in Brazil

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