Mineralização do carbono da palha de aveia e dejetos de suínos aplicados na superfície ou incorporados ao solo

SUMMARYThe impact of pig slurry and poultry litter fertilization on soils depends on the conditions of use and the amounts applied. This study evaluated the effect of organic fertilizers after different application periods in different areas on the physical properties and organic carbon contents of a Rhodic Kandiudox, in Concordia, Santa Catarina, in Southern Brazil. The treatments consisted of different land uses and periods of pig and poultry litter fertilization: silage maize (M7 years), silage maize (M20 years), annual ryegrass pasture (P3 years), annual ryegrass pasture (P15 years), perennial pasture (PP20 years), yerba mate tea (Mt20 years), native forest (NF), and native pasture without manure application (P0). The 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers were sampled and analyzed for total organic carbon, total nitrogen and soil physical properties such as density, porosity, aggregation, degree of flocculation, and penetration resistance. The organic carbon levels in the cultivated areas treated with organic fertilizer were even lower than in native forest soil. The organic fertilizers and studied management systems reduced the flocculation degree of the clay particles, and low macroporosity was observed in some areas. Despite these changes, a good soil physical structure was maintained, e.g., soil density and resistance to penetration were below the critical limits, whereas aggregate stability was high, which is important to reduce water erosion in these areas with rugged terrain in western Santa Catarina, used for pig and poultry farming.Index terms: biofertilizer, soil quality, soil structure.(1) Received for publication in May 02, 2011 and approved in April 13, 2012 (2)

“…Whereas Giacomini et al (2008), did not observed higher C release in the form of CO 2 from oat straw with pig slurry and pig litter bedding, applied to a sandy Red Hapludalf soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Physical properties and organic carbon content of a Rhodic Kandiudox fertilized with pig slurry and poultry litter

Rauber

Piccolla

Andrade³

et al. 2012

“…After containers had been aerated for 10 min on each sampling date, a new flask containing 1 mol L -1 NaOH solution was suspended within each glass container. Apparent C mineralization from SS and OS was calculated by subtracting the quantity of CO 2 -C emitted by the treatment containing only soil (S) by the quantity of CO 2 -C emitted by each treatment (SSi, OSi and SSi + OSi) as described by Giacomini et al (2008). Apparent N mineralization was calculated using the equation adopted by Giacomini et al (2013):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in Soil Combining Sewage Sludge and Straw

Giacomini

Simon

Aita

et al. 2015

Self Cite

The combined incorporation of sewage sludge (SS) and oat straw (OS) to the soil can increase straw carbon mineralization and microbial nitrogen immobilization. This hypothesis was tested in two laboratory experiments, in which SS was incorporated in the soil with and without OS. One treatment in which only straw was incorporated and a control with only soil were also evaluated. The release of CO 2 and mineral N in the soil after organic material incorporation was evaluated for 110 days. The cumulative C mineralization reached 30.1 % for SS and 54.7 % for OS. When these organic materials were incorporated together in the soil, straw C mineralization was not altered. About 60 % of organic N in the SS was mineralized after 110 days. This N mineralization index was twice as high as that defined by Resolution 375/2006 of the National Environmental Council. The combined incorporation of SS and OS in the soil caused an immobilization of microbial N of 5.9 kg Mg -1 of OS (mean 3.5 kg Mg -1 ). The results of this study indicated that SS did not increase straw C mineralization, but the SS rate should be adjusted to compensate for the microbial N immobilization caused by straw.

“…In general, organic waste has high levels of macronutrients such as N, P, K, Ca (Aita et al, 2007;Giacomini et al, 2009), and micronutrients such as B, Zn and Mn. Since the application of organic waste can change biological and biochemical indicators, studies are needed to measure the effect of this practice on soil (Martens, 2000;Ros et al, 2003;Tejada et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial and enzymatic activity in soil after organic composting

Vinhal-Freitas

Wangen

Ferreira

et al. 2010

Microbial activity and biochemical properties are important indicators of the impact of organic composting on soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate some indicators of soil microbial and biochemical processes after application of compost (household waste). A Typic Acrustox, sampled at a depth of 10 cm under Cerrado biome vegetation, was evaluated in three treatments: control (soil without organic compost amendment) and soil with two doses of domestic organic compost (10 and 20 g kg -1 soil). The following properties were evaluated: released C (C-CO 2 ): microbial respiration 15 days after incubation; microbial biomass C (MBC); total glucose (TG); metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ); and enzyme activity of β− β− β− β− β−glucosidase and acid and alkaline phosphatase. The application of household compost, at doses of 10 and 20 g kg -1 Typic Acrustox, resulted in significant gains in microbial activity, organic C and C stock, as evidenced by increased MBC and TG levels. On the other hand, qCO 2 decreases indicated greater microbial diversity and more efficient energy use. The addition of compost, particularly the 20 g kg -1 dose, strongly influenced the enzyme β− β− β− β− β−glucosidase and phosphatase (acid and alkaline). The β− β− β− β− β−glucosidase activity was significantly increased and acid phosphatase activity increased more than the alkaline. The ratio of β− β− β− β− β−glucosidase to MBC was greater in the control than in the composted treatments which suggests that there were more enzymes in the control than in the substrate or that the addition of compost induced a great MBC increase.Index terms: Cerrado, Soil respiration, microbial biomass, glucose, phosphatase, β− β− β− β− β−glucosidase.(