Crescimento de raízes de trigo afetado pela resistência mecânica do solo

Merotto, Aldo; Mundstock, Cláudio Mário

doi:10.1590/s0100-06831999000200002

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A compactação afeta o comprimento das raízes e, consequentemente, a colonização e o uso do solo, alterando a absorção de nutrientes, incorporação de água e ancoragem no solo (Merotto Jr. & Mundstock, 1999).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Compactação do solo em uma área livre com árvores urbanas em solos argilosos

Novaes

Brun

2021

CCT

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O objetivo deste estudo foi subsidiar o manejo de árvores urbanas quanto aos aspectos relativos aos solos que as sustentam, por meio da análise da compactação do solo, no entorno de árvores urbanas que possuíam afloramento de raiz, em Dois Vizinhos, PR. Os dados foram levantados em seis ruas, com amostragem do entorno de 10 árvores de espécies diferentes, comumente usadas na arborização urbana de cidades do Sul do Brasil. Observaram-se os parâmetros qualidade fitossanitária da árvore, intensidade do afloramento de raízes e compactação do solo, no entorno da árvore, que foi medida quanto à resistência à penetração no solo. A resistência à penetração no solo nas áreas livres com afloramento de raízes foi elevada, principalmente entre o tronco e o meio-fio (> 6000 kPa), mas igualmente classificada como elevada em todos os lados do tronco (> 4800 kPa), o que é indicativo de valores altamente impeditivos ao crescimento de raízes em todos os lados do tronco. Para um novo plantio nesses locais, a descompactação do solo deve ser o foco principal. Assim, para melhorar o ambiente para o crescimento de uma nova árvore, é necessário fazer a abertura de covas amplas, até cerca de 60 cm de profundidade, para descompactar o solo nas camadas mais impeditivas ao crescimento de raízes.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Compactação do solo em uma área livre com árvores urbanas em solos argilosos

Novaes

Brun

2021

CCT

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“…Plant rooting depth and penetration of soil are far more complex than mere possession of the genetic potential for deep root production and will be affected greatly by soil depth, soil type, and texture, and by bulk density and compaction. In many cereal crops, root elongation is reduced in proportion to the mechanical impedance of soils with significant reductions found following 2 weeks of growth when subjected to compacted soils (Ehlers, Kopke, Hesse, & Bohm, 1983; Goodman & Ennos Merotto & Mundstock, 1999). Studies in rice have identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are associated with differential soil penetration that shows a trade-off between root thickness and length (Price, Steele, Moore, Barraclough, & Clark, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root imaging showing comparisons in root distribution and ontogeny in novel Festulolium populations and closely related perennial ryegrass varieties

Humphreys

Doonan

Boyle

et al. 2018

Food and Energy Security

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The incorporation of new sophisticated phenotyping technologies within a crop improvement program allows for a plant breeding strategy that can include selections for major root traits previously inaccessible due to the challenges in their phenotype assessment. High-throughput precision phenotyping technology is employed to evaluate root ontogeny and progressive changes to root architecture of both novel amphiploid and introgression lines of Festulolium over four consecutive months of the growing season and these compared under the same time frame to that of closely related perennial ryegrass (L. perenne) varieties. Root imaging using conventional photography and assembled multiple merged images was used to compare frequencies in root number, their distribution within 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths within soil columns, and progressive changes over time. The Festulolium hybrids had more extensive root systems in comparison with L. perenne, and this was especially evident at depth. It was shown that the acquisition of extensive root systems in Festulolium hybrids was not dependent on the presence of an entire Festuca genome. On the contrary, the most pronounced effect on root development within the four Festulolium populations studied was observed in the introgression line Bx509, where a single small genome sequence from F. arundinacea had been previously transferred onto its homoeologous site on the long arm of chromosome 3 of an otherwise complete L. perenne genome. This demonstrates that a targeted introgression-breeding approach may be sufficient to confer a significant improvement in the root morphology in Lolium without a significant compromise to its genome integrity. The forage production of Bx509 was either higher (months 1-3) or equivalent to (month 4) that of its L. perenne parent control demonstrating that the enhanced root development achieved by the introgression line was without compromise to its agronomic performance.

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“…Plant development depends on various factors, including soil quality. Resistance to penetration is one of the physical attributes of soil that limits plant growth (Letey 1985;Bengough et al 2006), and high resistance values can influence the length and diameter of roots (Merotto and Mundstock 1999;Bergamin et al 2010) depending on the species (Benghough and Mullins 1990;Silva and Rosolem 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic soil attributes and their relation to morphological root characteristics and mycorrhizal colonization of grasses

2018

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This study evaluated soil properties and their relation to root production and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of grasses. Soil samples were collected from surface layers to determine the volume, total length, specific length, diameter and dry mass of roots, and grain size and chemical properties of the soil. Sampled roots were used to evaluate mycorrhizal colonization and 50 g of soil to extract spores. A second sampling was conducted to measure soil penetration resistance, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and bulk density. Of the morphological traits of the roots, only specific length and diameter were significantly related to soil physical attributes. Root volume was positively related with P, Ca, Mg and organic matter. Almost all of the mycorrhizal variables had no correlation with the physical properties of the soil; only total colonization was positively related to soil penetration resistance (to 0.10 m). AMF had a negative correlation between root colonization and total length of the roots, while the number of spores was inversely related to roots finer than 0.5 mm in diameter and positively related to roots larger than 0.5 mm in diameter. The data were highly variable, indicating the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the investigated characteristics.

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Crescimento de raízes de trigo afetado pela resistência mecânica do solo

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Compactação do solo em uma área livre com árvores urbanas em solos argilosos

Compactação do solo em uma área livre com árvores urbanas em solos argilosos

Root imaging showing comparisons in root distribution and ontogeny in novel Festulolium populations and closely related perennial ryegrass varieties

Abiotic soil attributes and their relation to morphological root characteristics and mycorrhizal colonization of grasses

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