A review of antimalarial plants used in traditional medicine in communities in Portuguese-Speaking countries: Brazil, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe and Angola

Silva, Jefferson Rocha de Andrade; Ramos, Aline de Souza; Machado, Marta; Moura, Dominique F. de; Neto, Zoraima; Canto‐Cavalheiro, Marilene M.; Figueiredo, Paula; Rosário, Virgílio Estólio do; Amaral, Ana Cláudia F.; Lopes, Dinora

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762011000900019

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, the disease-causing protozoans have developed resistance against most of the drugs currently used to treat malaria. New, highly effective anti-malarial drug candidates, based on new mechanisms of action or with new structures, are urgently needed to overcome the problem of rapid emergence of drug resistance and achieve long-term clinical efficacy [7, 8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplasmodial activity of Indigofera spicata root extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

Birru

Geta

Gurmu

2017

Malar J

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BackgroundIn addition to pharmacovigilance and pharmaco-economic concerns, resistance to anti-malarial medicines has been documented in all classes of anti-malarials and this is further worsened by resistance to common insecticides by malaria vector, which is a major threat to malaria control. As a means of facing the challenges of searching for new anti-malarial agents, the current study focused on evaluation of anti-malarial activity of root extract of Indigofera spicata.MethodsChloroquine-sensitive rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium berghei (ANKA strain) was used to infect the Swiss Albino mice in 4-day suppressive and curative models. The crude hydromethanolic root extract of I. spicata at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses was administered to a group of five mice. Important parameters, such as level of parasitaemia, packed cell volume (PCV), survival time, and body weight were determined and the significance of the differences between mean values of the five groups was analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test.ResultsIn both the suppressive and curative models, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses of the extract suppressed the level of parasitaemia significantly (p < 0.001) compared to the vehicle-treated groups, 34.93 and 53.42%, respectively. However, only the mice which were treated with the 600 mg/kg dose of the extract had significant difference in their mean survival time. In other parameters, namely PCV and mean body weight, there was no statistically significant difference between the extract-treated groups when compared to the negative control.ConclusionsThis study revealed that the root extract of I. spicata possesses anti-malarial activity and necessitates further scientific validation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplasmodial activity of Indigofera spicata root extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

Birru

Geta

Gurmu

2017

Malar J

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“…is a widespread tree in Angola that belongs to the Cochlospermaceae family. Its bark infusion is used in the traditional medicine of Angola for the treatment of hepatic diseases and for the prophylaxis of malaria (Poppendieck, 1981;Presber et al, 1991;Silva et al, 2011). Phenolic composition of borututu hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts were recently characterized and revealed to be rich in methyl ellagic acid and ellagic acid, respectively (Ferreres et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant properties, anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity and hepatotoxicity of artichoke, milk thistle and borututu

Pereira

Calhelha

Barros

et al. 2013

Industrial Crops and Products

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Cynara scolymus (artichoke), Silybum marianum (milk thistle) and Cochlospermum angolensis (borututu) are three plants widely used regarding hepatoprotective effects but to the best of our knowledge no anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity has been studied in the most consumed forms: infusions and dietary supplements. Herein, antioxidant properties, anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity and toxicity of infusions and dietary supplements of the mentioned plants were evaluated and compared. All the samples revealed antioxidant properties with EC 50 values lower than the daily recommended dose, but infusions showed higher biological activity than dietary supplements.Borututu infusion gave the highest antioxidant activity (EC 50 ≤170 µg/mL), and also revealed anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity (GI 50 =146 µg/mL) without toxicity in non-tumour liver cells (GI 50 >400 µg/mL). Artichoke infusion also presented antitumour activity (GI 50 =52 µg/mL) but with toxicity for normal cells at a higher concentration (GI 50 =72 µg/mL). The antioxidant and antitumour properties were positively correlated with phenolics and flavonoids content. Overall, among the three studied species, borututu infusion proved to be the most complete sample regarding antioxidant and antihepatocellular carcinoma activity.

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“…All over the world, Republic of Angola is recognized for its remarkable plants biodiversity, which can be explored in a rational way for humankind benefits. Several species from the Angolan flora, tradi-tionally selected for medicinal uses, have been the target of current investigations searching for therapeutically effective drugs with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties (Nema et al, 2012;Kennedy and Wightrman, 2011;Silva et al, 2011;Lulekal et al, 2008;Atawodi, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angolan Cymbopogon citratus used for therapeutic benefits: Nutritional composition and influence of solvents in phytochemicals content and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts

Soares

Alves

Pires

et al. 2013

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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A B S T R A C TFolk medicine is a relevant and effective part of indigenous healthcare systems which are, in practice, totally dependent on traditional healers. An outstanding coincidence between indigenous medicinal plant uses and scientifically proved pharmacological properties of several phytochemicals has been observed along the years.This work focused on the leaves of a medicinal plant traditionally used for therapeutic benefits (Ango-lan Cymbopogon citratus), in order to evaluate their nutritional value. The bioactive phytochemical com-position and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts prepared with different solvents (water, methanol and ethanol) were also evaluated.The plant leaves contained rv60% of carbohydrates, protein (rv20%), fat (rv5%), ash (rv4%) and moisture (rv9%). The phytochemicals screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids in all extracts. Methanolic extracts also contained alkaloids and steroids. Several methods were used to eval-uate total antioxidant capacity of the different extracts (DPPH . , NO . , and H2O2 scavenging assays, reducing power, and FRAP). Ethanolic extracts presented a significantly higher antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) except for FRAP, in which the best results were achieved by the aqueous extracts. Methanolic extracts showed the lowest radical scavenging activities for both DPPH . and NO . radicals.

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A review of antimalarial plants used in traditional medicine in communities in Portuguese-Speaking countries: Brazil, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe and Angola

Cited by 40 publications

References 99 publications

Antiplasmodial activity of Indigofera spicata root extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

Antiplasmodial activity of Indigofera spicata root extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

Antioxidant properties, anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity and hepatotoxicity of artichoke, milk thistle and borututu

Angolan Cymbopogon citratus used for therapeutic benefits: Nutritional composition and influence of solvents in phytochemicals content and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts

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