The molecular detection of different Leishmania species within sand flies from a cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis sympatric area in Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

Over the last 20 years, there has been an increase in the number of leishmaniasis cases in Brazil. Belo Horizonte (BH) is one of the most highly populated Brazilian cities that is affected by visceral leishmaniasis (VL

First description of Migonemyia migonei (França) and Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) natural infected by Leishmania infantum in Argentina

“…Although M. migonei (Carvalho et al, 2010) and N. whitmani (Saraiva et al, 2010) have already been found with L. infantum infection, this is the first report of L. infantum natural infection for Argentina in these species.…”

“…Several reports had described natural infection caused by L. infantum in L. longipalpis (Acardi et al, 2010;Saraiva et al, 2010;Savani et al, 2009) and other Phlebotomine sandflies, including: L. cruzi (Pita-Pereira et al, 2008), Lutzomyia forattinii (Pita-Pereira et al, 2008), Lutzomyia almerioi (Savani et al, 2009), Nyssomyia antunesi (Thies et al, 2013), Nyssomyia intermedia (Saraiva et al, 2010), N. whitmani (Saraiva et al, 2010), M. migonei (Carvalho et al, 2010), Evandromyia cortelezzii (Carvalho et al, 2008) and Evandromyia termitophila (Saraiva et al, 2010). Although M. migonei (Carvalho et al, 2010) and N. whitmani (Saraiva et al, 2010) have already been found with L. infantum infection, this is the first report of L. infantum natural infection for Argentina in these species.…”

“…The use of molecular techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, for the detection of natural infected sandflies and genotyping of parasites involved contributes to identify potential Leishmaniasis vectors (Barker, 1989;Carvalho et al, 2010;Pita-Pereira et al, 2005;Rosa et al, 2012;Saraiva et al, 2010), whose abundance and distribution represent the mayor determinants and intensity modulators of the disease transmission (Salomón, 2009). The main advantages of PCR technique are its sensitivity and specificity, regardless of the number, location or stage of the infecting Leishmania in the digestive tract of the sandfly (Perez et al, 1994;Saraiva et al, 2010). There are 36 species of Phlebotomine sandflies described for Argentina (Casertano et al, 2015;Fernández et al, 2012;Salomón et al, 2010a), some of which have been found naturally infected with Leishmania spp.…”

Argentinian phlebotomine fauna, new records of Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) for the country and the province of Chaco

“…infantum (syn Le. chagasi) by the use of molecular methods (Carvalho et al 2008;Saraiva et al 2010). While molecular determination of infection with Leishmania does not necessarily imply confirmation of this species as a vector, the presence of Ev.…”

Eclectic feeding behavior of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in the transmission area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, state of Paraná, Brazil

“…Over the last 20 years, the number of leishmaniasis cases in Brazil has increased 1 . In the southern region of the country, State of Paraná accounts for 94.9% of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases 2 that have been described since the early nineteenth century.…”