Characterization of new Schistosoma mansoni microsatellite loci in sequences obtained from public DNA databases and microsatellite enriched genomic libraries

Rodrigues, Nilton; LoVerde, Philip T.; Romanha, Álvaro J.; Oliveira, Guilherme

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762002000900015

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…S. mansoni strains were subjected to PCR-based genotyping using fourteen microsatellite markers: SmC1, SmDO11, SmDA28 [52], R95529, SmD57, SmD28, SmD25, SCMSMOXII, L46951 [53], SmBR16, SmBR10, SmBR13 [54], SmS7-1 [55] and SmBR1 [56]. PCR was performed in three multiplex reactions using a multiplex kit (Qiagen).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Specific Genotype-Dependent Immune Priming in the Lophotrochozoan Biomphalaria glabrata Snail

Portela¹,

Duval²,

Rognon³

et al. 2013

J Innate Immun

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Historically, the prevailing view in the field of invertebrate immunity was that invertebrates that do not possess acquired adaptive immunity rely on innate mechanisms with low specificity and no memory. Several recent studies have shaken this paradigm and suggested that the immune defenses of invertebrates are more complex and specific than previously thought. Mounting evidence has shown that at least some invertebrates (mainly Ecdysozoa) show high levels of specificity in their immune responses to different pathogens, and that subsequent reexposure may result in enhanced protection (recently called ‘immune priming'). Here, we investigated immune priming in the Lophotrochozoan snail species Biomphalaria glabrata, following infection by the trematode pathogen Schistosoma mansoni. We confirmed that snails were protected against a secondary homologous infection whatever the host strain. We then investigated how immune priming occurs and the level of specificity of B. glabrata immune priming. In this report we confirmed that immune priming exists and we identified a genotype-dependent immune priming in the fresh-water snail B. glabrata.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Specific Genotype-Dependent Immune Priming in the Lophotrochozoan Biomphalaria glabrata Snail

Portela¹,

Duval²,

Rognon³

et al. 2013

J Innate Immun

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“…Adult schistosomes reside in the circulatory system of their hosts; therefore, sampling adults from humans is problematic if not impossible. Traditionally, for genetic analysis schistosome adults can be obtained from humans only by hatching eggs from stool samples, using the miracidia to infect snails, the cercariae to infect mice, and collecting the adults from mice via perfusion (Curtis et al, 2001;Curtis et al, 2002;Rodrigues et al, 2002b;Stohler et al, 2004;Agola et al, 2006). This technique has many disadvantages, particularly the introduction of sampling bias through the loss of genotypes by sampling error or selection (Rodrigues et al, 2002a;Stohler et al, 2004;Gower et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni: A robust, high-throughput method to assess multiple microsatellite markers from individual miracidia

Steinauer

Agola

Mwangi

et al. 2008

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Schistosomiasis is one of the major unconquered infectious diseases afflicting people of developing countries, particularly in Africa. A deeper understanding of the epidemiology of schistosomes is complicated by the intravascular location of adult worms which makes them routinely unavailable for study. Their progeny, miracidia, which are hatched from eggs that are passed in feces, are available and can provide valuable insights about human infections, but they are small in size, hindering robust molecular analyses. Here we present a new high-throughput technique to assess the genotypes at 21 previously published microsatellite loci for individual miracidia of S. mansoni. The 21 loci can be amplified in four multiplexed PCR reactions; however, enough template is produced for approximately six PCR reactions, which allows for additional PCR reactions for resampling or obtaining additional data. We validated this technique using a pedigree study employing laboratory crosses of S. mansoni from Kenya to obtain sets of parents and offspring. Of 23 loci examined, 21 loci were found to be reliable: false alleles were rare and missing alleles due to allelic dropout occurred at only two loci in approximately 5% of the offspring. The latter type of error can be further reduced by reamplification which is possible with our method. This technique is amenable to a 96-well format thus facilitating analysis of larger samples of miracidia, allowing more robust molecular epidemiological studies of S. mansoni to infer population size, population structure, gene flow, mating systems, speciation, and host race formation.

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“…Forty-eight schistosomes (24 from each line) were genotyped at eight polymorphic microsatellite loci (L46951, R95529, SMD28 (Durand et al 2000), SMDA23, SMDO11 (Curtis et al 2001), SmBr1, SmBr5 (Rodrigues et al 2002), and SmBr12 (Rodrigues et al 2007)) and 37 snails (20 from each line) at six microsatellite loci (Bgu16, Bgu15, uBg1 (Jones et al 1999), BgE4, BgE5, and BgC8 (Mavárez et al 2000)) utilizing fluorescently labeled primers (6-FAM, HEX, or NED). While microsatellites are expected to be neutral alleles (i.e., not reflective of on a particular linespecific selective advantage) and cannot necessarily be extrapolated to reflect genome-wide variation (DeWoody and DeWoody 2004), they provide a convenient measure of contemporary levels of inbreeding within and genetic exchange between populations.…”

Section: Schistosome and B Glabrata Genetic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of two strains of Schistosoma mansoni utilizing novel intermediate and definitive hosts

2011

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The intimate host-parasite relationship mandates adaptation to the genetic and phenotypic variability of their counterparts. Here, inbred and outcrossed strains of Schistosoma mansoni were challenged with "local" and "novel" intermediate and definitive hosts to examine effects of genetic variability and novelty on infection success and dynamics. Genetically distinct lines of Biomphalaria glabrata intermediate hosts exposed to inbred and outcrossed S. mansoni larvae were assessed for differences in both snail and parasite life-history parameters. Cercariae from each parasite-snail treatment were used to infect "local" and "novel" Mus musculus definitive hosts to assess parasite infectivity and fitness. Outcrossed parasites significantly reduced snail growth, were more productive, and induced greater host mortality than inbred parasites. Mouse strain did not influence parasite infectivity or reproduction, but parasite and snail host genetic background did, affecting both sex-specific infectivity and parasite productivity. Overall, genetic background of S. mansoni and its intermediate snail host altered life history traits and transmission dynamics of the parasite throughout its life cycle.

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Characterization of new Schistosoma mansoni microsatellite loci in sequences obtained from public DNA databases and microsatellite enriched genomic libraries

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Evidence for Specific Genotype-Dependent Immune Priming in the Lophotrochozoan <b><i>Biomphalaria glabrata</i></b> Snail

Evidence for Specific Genotype-Dependent Immune Priming in the Lophotrochozoan <b><i>Biomphalaria glabrata</i></b> Snail

Molecular epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni: A robust, high-throughput method to assess multiple microsatellite markers from individual miracidia

Transmission dynamics of two strains of Schistosoma mansoni utilizing novel intermediate and definitive hosts

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