Reactive Nitrogen and Oxygen Intermediates in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Erel, Özcan; Koçyiğit, Abdürrahim; Bulut, Vedat; Gürel, Mehmet Salih

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761999000200009

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In this regard, a significant decrease in the NO concentration, associated with a significant increase in arginase activity was detected in the cell cultures treated by curcumin than untreated ones. iNOS [7,8]. Rats in group II treated with CPF alone, revealed a significant decrease in plasma level of NO and IFN-gamma associated with an increase in arginase activity as compared to their control counterparts (Group I).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Macrophages use endogenous NO as one of the key weapons for fighting various pathogens, such as leishmania parasites [7]. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an enzyme catalyzing the production of NO from Larginine.…”

Section: Open    Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both arginase and NO synthase use arginine as a common substrate [11]. Furthermore, Arginase activity is induced by cytokines secreted by T helper-2 lymphocyte, while iNOS is activated by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secreted by T helper-1 lymphocyte [7]. Recent studies reported that chronic exposure to low levels of the pesticide aggravates and delays the healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions [12].…”

Section: Open    Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Insecticides on Macrophage Activity in Persons at High Risk for Parasitic Infection

Ashour

Mohamed

Elsawy

2011

Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Open    Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Open    Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Insecticides on Macrophage Activity in Persons at High Risk for Parasitic Infection

Ashour

Mohamed

Elsawy

2011

Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences

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“…bably as host defense (Erel et al, 1999). However, we have not determined whether these changes cause oxi dative damage in these patients.…”

Section: Bien Que La Leishmaniose Cutanée (Lc) Soit Une Infection Locmentioning

confidence: 89%

Erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis

Koçyiğit¹,

Gürel²,

Ulukanlıgil

2003

Parasite

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Summary:Although cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a local infection, the cellular immune response against the disease is systemic, and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROis) are an important part of cellular immune response involved in killing the parasite. However, whether these intermediates cause oxidative damage in host is unknown. In this study, the metabolism of ROIs were investigated in patients with CL, and compared with healthy subjects. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation was determined, as an index of oxidative damage, by measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Erythrocyte MDA levels and SOD activities were found to be significantly higher in CL patients than in control subjects (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, CAT and GSHPx activities were significantly lower in the CL group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). There was a tendency to decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels, but values did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that changes in antioxidant enzyme activities may amplify the leishmanicidal effect in patients with CL However, these changes may not only cause the killing of parasite but also may cause oxidative damage in the other cells or tissues.KEY WORDS : cutaneous leishmaniasis, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzymes. Résumé : ACTIVITÉ ENZYMATIQUE ANTIOXYDANTE DES ÉRYTHROCYTES ET DEGRÉ DE PEROXYDATION DES LIPIDES DE PATIENTS ATTEINTS DE LEISHMANIOSE CUTANÉE Bien que la leishmaniose cutanée (LC) soit une infection locale, il

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“…Impression smears were also prepared from liver, spleen and lymph nodes by placing a small piece of tissue between two glass slides and pushing them in different directions. The smears were dried in air, fixed by methanol and stained with Giemsa for detection of amastigotes under light microscopy (Erel et al, 1999).…”

Section: Smear Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Immunotherapy of Leishmaniasis by in vivo Trial of L-Arginine in Balb/c Mice Infected with Leishmania major via Nitric Oxide Pathway

Faezi¹,

Nahrevania²,

Farahmand³

et al. 2015

International J. of Biological Chemistry

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Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease in tropical and subtropical regions. It presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations; Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form leading to a skin nodule. L-Arginine (L-Arg) is an important amino acid involved in many metabolic pathways in host macrophages (MΦs) including NO synthesis. The L-Arg pathway is relevant to leishmaniasis due to its role in regulating MΦ functions. Activated MΦs can produce leishmaniacidal molecules, such as Nitric Oxide (NO) and oxidative mediators to kill parasite. Different concentrations of L-Arg were used; their toxicities assessed in naïve Balb/c mice. The highest concentration with lowest toxicity was selected to apply in Leishmania major infected mice. Test group was injected with three types of L-Arg (oral, local, injection) and control group received normal saline. Then, the lesion size, the measurement of amastigotes proliferation in MΦ, the pathophysiology of mice (hepato/spelenomegaly, survival rate, body weight) was all evaluated. In addition, plasma and tissue suspensions were investigated for NO induction using Griess Micro Assay (GMA). This is the first application of oral, local and injection forms of L-Arg against Iranian strain L. major MRHO/IR/75/ER. Results indicated L-Arg had ability to elevate NO in murine host. No pathological effects were observed in oral, local and injection types of L-Arg. Moreover, a significant decrease in parasite proliferation was observed only in oral group which presented anti-leishmanial activity by reduction liver and spleen positive smears. In injection form, percentage of positive smears was reduced only in spleen; a reduction observed in lesion sizes after treatment with oral and injection form of L-Arg; no significant alteration of local L-Arg to limit lesion size in CL was indicated here. The L-Arg is NO precursor and has been used safely for decades to treat physiological condition and used as food supplementary with no toxicity. In this study, L-Arg presented its partial ability to induce NO and treat animals. It also has limited potential therapeutic effects against CL by alteration of NO in host; therefore, it may be indicated solo as an anti-leishmanial agent or in a combination therapy for CL in mice. This may be the first immunotherapy trial against CL in Iran.

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Reactive Nitrogen and Oxygen Intermediates in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Abstract: The metabolisms of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates (RNI and ROI)

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Insecticides on Macrophage Activity in Persons at High Risk for Parasitic Infection

Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Insecticides on Macrophage Activity in Persons at High Risk for Parasitic Infection

Erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis

Partial Immunotherapy of Leishmaniasis by in vivo Trial of L-Arginine in Balb/c Mice Infected with Leishmania major via Nitric Oxide Pathway

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