The geographic understanding of snail borne disease in endemic areas using satellite surveillance

Malone, John B.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761995000200013

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Indeed snails are easily affected by environmental factors such as vegetation abundance, as measured by the NDVI, and temperature regimes. The role of environmental factors in defining the intensity of infection are well recognized, and a combination of integrated environmental control and chemotherapy is needed to achieve sustainable transmission control [ 36 – 38 ], and thus are crucial for guiding schistosomiasis control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the hierarchical ordinal regression model to analyse the intensity of urinary schistosomiasis infection in school children in Lusaka Province, Zambia

Simoonga

Kazembe

2017

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundUrinary schistosomiasis has been a major public health problem in Zambia for many years. However, the disease profile may vary in different locale due to the changing ecosystem that contributes to the risk of acquiring the disease. The objective of this study was to quantify risk factors associated with the intensity of urinary schistosomiasis infection in school children in Lusaka Province, Zambia, in order to better understand local transmission.MethodsData were obtained from 1 912 school children, in 20 communities, in the districts of Luangwa and Kafue in Lusaka Province. Both individual- and community-level covariates were incorporated into an ordinal logistic regression model to predict the probability of an infection being a certain intensity in a three-category outcome response: 0 = no infection, 1 = light infection, and 2 = moderate/heavy infection. Random effects were introduced to capture unobserved heterogeneity.ResultsOverall, the risk of urinary schistosomiasis was strongly associated with age, altitude at which the child lived, and sex. Weak associations were observed with the normalized difference vegetation index, maximum temperature, and snail abundance. Detailed analysis indicated that the association between infection intensities and age and altitude were category-specific. Particularly, infection intensity was lower in children aged between 5 and 9 years compared to those aged 10 to 15 years (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.51–0.99). However, the age-specific risk changed at different levels of infection, such that when comparing children with light infection to those who were not infected, age was associated with a lower odds (category 1 vs category 0: OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.50–0.99), yet such a relation was not significant when considering children who were moderately or heavily infected compared to those with a light or no infection (category 2 vs category 0: OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.45–1.64). Overall, we observed that children living in the valley were less likely to acquire urinary schistosomiasis compared to those living in plateau areas (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.16–0.71). However, category-specific effects showed no significant association in category 1 (light infection), whereas in category 2 (moderate/high infection), the risk was still significantly lower for those living in the valley compared to those living in plateau areas (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04–0.75).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the importance of understanding the dynamics and heterogeneity of infection in control efforts, and further suggests that apart from the well-researched factors of Schistosoma intensity, various other factors influence transmission. Control programmes need to take into consideration the varying infection intensities of the disease so that effective interventions can be designed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0262-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the hierarchical ordinal regression model to analyse the intensity of urinary schistosomiasis infection in school children in Lusaka Province, Zambia

Simoonga

Kazembe

2017

Infect Dis Poverty

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“…While the potential of remote sensing techniques has been demonstrated with respect to schistosomiasis control and its use strongly advocated (Malone 1995), there has been no documentation of attempts to apply the techniques in existing control operations.…”

Section: Future Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article The impact of remote sensing on the study and control of invertebrate intermediate hosts and vectors for disease

Hay¹,

Packer²,

Rogers³

1997

International Journal of Remote Sensing

118

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This paper reviews the application of remote sensing to the study and control of invertebrate intermediate hosts and vectors for some of the most prevalent of human diseases worldwide. Examples are also taken from studies involving animal diseases that have considerable adverse e ects on human welfare. The current status of remote sensing in epidemiology is assessed and suggestions are made on how, in the future, the two ® elds might be most pro® tably combined.

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Apport de la télédétection en santé publique: l'exemple du paludisme et autres perspectives

Manguin

Boussinesq

1999

Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses

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The geographic understanding of snail borne disease in endemic areas using satellite surveillance

Abstract: The current status of research on use of earth observing satellite sensors and geographic ifnormation systems for control program management of schistosomiais and fascioliasis is reviewed

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Using the hierarchical ordinal regression model to analyse the intensity of urinary schistosomiasis infection in school children in Lusaka Province, Zambia

Using the hierarchical ordinal regression model to analyse the intensity of urinary schistosomiasis infection in school children in Lusaka Province, Zambia

Review article The impact of remote sensing on the study and control of invertebrate intermediate hosts and vectors for disease

Apport de la télédétection en santé publique: l'exemple du paludisme et autres perspectives

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