1992
DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000800020
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Abstract: Crude extracts of eggs (SEA) adult worms (SWAP) or cercariae (Cerc) have been used to stimulate Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC) and have provided rather distinct profiles of responses in different types of patients. In general it is clear that patients with early infections respond strongly to SEA while response to SWAP are develop more slowly. As infection progresses into the more chronic phases, a general pattern is seen which leads to lower anti-SEA proliferative responses in the face of higher re… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…With respect to IFN-g, uninfected children versus infected children had stronger responses to AWA. This could indicate that, in immune children, incoming cercariae induce strong IFN-g responses and that the elimination of cercariae would prevent the development of later parasite stages, whereas the development of later stages may be responsible for the induction of IL-5 responses in nonimmune children [21,22]. In the repeatedly treated group, cytokine responses in infected and uninfected children were similar, possibly because we could not distinguish between immune and nonimmune children on the basis of infection status, since all were treated 3 months earlier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…With respect to IFN-g, uninfected children versus infected children had stronger responses to AWA. This could indicate that, in immune children, incoming cercariae induce strong IFN-g responses and that the elimination of cercariae would prevent the development of later parasite stages, whereas the development of later stages may be responsible for the induction of IL-5 responses in nonimmune children [21,22]. In the repeatedly treated group, cytokine responses in infected and uninfected children were similar, possibly because we could not distinguish between immune and nonimmune children on the basis of infection status, since all were treated 3 months earlier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In humans, several studies have linked IgE responses and IL-5 with protection from reinfection [7,23,30]; however, Th1 responses have been linked to the so-called endemic normals [21,22]. Such uninfected, healthy individuals living in an area where S. mansoni is transmitted produce higher levels of parasite-specific IFN-g and lower levels of IL-10 than do infected persons [21,22]. Moreover, in the mouse model, protective immunity was associated with an elevated IFN-g response [31,32] that was highly sensitive to down-regulation by IL-10 [33].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Usually partial immunity to infection is acquired by adults between 25 and 49 years, with a further decline in infection seen in the following decades. 29 Several immunological factors seem to be involved in the acquisition of this partial immunity, with increased INF-g production by T cells considered a crucial part of the process. 25,27,29 In the current study, we observed that there is an increase in the frequency of CD16…”
Section: Fig 2 Frequency Of Cd4mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In human several studies have linked IgE responses and IL-5 with protection from reinfection [29]- [31]. Th1 responses have been linked to the so-called endemic normal [32] [33] such uninfected healthy individuals living in an area where Schist soma is transmitted produce higher levels of parasite specific IFNγ and lower levels of IL-10. This coincide with our finding of these cytokine among endemic control individuals.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%