Zymodemes of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from wild mammals in Bolivia

Valette, E.; Brenière, Simone Frédérique; Pont, François Le; Desjeux, Philippe

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761988000100018

Cited by 2 publications

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“…If parental and hybrid DTUs are not found in the sylvatic cycle in the Andes, an alternative might be the Gran Chaco region. These is no information regarding the genetic characterization of T. cruzi in the sylvatic cycle at the Bolivian lowlands, except for a report of a TcVI stock isolated from a Didelphis marsupialis specimen captured on the Amazon slope [51]. In the Paraguayan Chaco, TcII, TcIII and TcV have been identified in different wild mammal species [52] and in the Argentinean Chaco TcI was identified in Didelphis albiventris and TcVI in one Conepatus chinga [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in Wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: Predominance of TcI

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe current persistence of Triatoma infestans (one of the main vectors of Chagas disease) in some domestic areas could be related to re-colonization by wild populations which are increasingly reported. However, the infection rate and the genetic characterization of the Trypanosoma cruzi strains infecting these populations are very limited.Methodology/Principal FindingsOf 333 wild Triatoma infestans specimens collected from north to south of a Chagas disease endemic area in Bolivia, we characterized 234 stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi using mini-exon multiplex PCR (MMPCR) and sequencing the glucose phosphate isomerase (Gpi) gene. Of the six genetic lineages (“discrete typing units”; DTU) (TcI-VI) presently recognized in T. cruzi, TcI (99.1%) was overdominant on TcIII (0.9%) in wild Andean T. infestans, which presented a 71.7% infection rate as evaluated by microscopy. In the lowlands (Bolivian Chaco), 17 “dark morph” T. infestans were analyzed. None of them were positive for parasites after microscopic examination, although one TcI stock and one TcII stock were identified using MMPCR and sequencing.Conclusions/SignificanceBy exploring large-scale DTUs that infect the wild populations of T. infestans, this study opens the discussion on the origin of TcI and TcV DTUs that are predominant in domestic Bolivian cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in Wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: Predominance of TcI

et al. 2012

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“…from the Bolivian Chaco (M. Llewellyn, unpublished data). There is one record of TcVI in a D. marsupialis in the Northeast La Paz (the Jungas and Alto Beni regions) in Bolivia (Valette et al 1988). It has been suggested that the domestic predominance of TcV and TcVI may be due to their recent anthropogenic origin and rapid clonal dissemination with T. infestans and human migration (Lewis et al 2011).…”

Section: Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hosts and vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units in the Chagas disease endemic region of the Paraguayan Chaco

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYActive Trypanosoma cruzi transmission persists in the Gran Chaco region, which is considered hyperendemic for Chagas disease. Understanding domestic and sylvatic transmission cycles and therefore the relationship between vectors and mammalian hosts is crucial to designing and implementing improved effective control strategies. Here we describe the species of triatomine vectors and the sylvatic mammal reservoirs of T. cruzi, in different localities of the Paraguayan and Bolivian Chaco. We identify the T. cruzi genotypes discrete typing units (DTUs) and provide a map of their geographical distribution. A total of 1044 triatomines and 138 sylvatic mammals were captured. Five per cent of the triatomines were microscopically positive for T. cruzi (55 Triatoma infestans from Paraguay and one sylvatic Triatoma guasayana from Bolivia) and 17 animals (12·3%) comprising eight of 28 (28·5%) Dasypus novemcinctus, four of 27 (14·8%) Euphractus sexcinctus, three of 64 (4·7%) Chaetophractus spp. and two of 14 (14·3%) Didelphis albiventris. The most common DTU infecting domestic triatomine bugs was TcV (64%), followed by TcVI (28%), TcII (6·5%) and TcIII (1·5%). TcIII was overwhelmingly associated with armadillo species. We confirm the primary role of T. infestans in domestic transmission, armadillo species as the principal sylvatic hosts of TcIII, and consider the potential risk of TcIII as an agent of Chagas disease in the Chaco.

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Zymodemes of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from wild mammals in Bolivia

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in Wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: Predominance of TcI

Genetic Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in Wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: Predominance of TcI

Hosts and vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units in the Chagas disease endemic region of the Paraguayan Chaco

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