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Garnhám, P. C. C.; Lainson, Ralph; Shaw, Jeffrey Jon

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761971000100009

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Previous reports of Polychromophilus infections in insectivorous bats (Miniopteridae and Vespertilionidae) were from Europe ( Megali et al, 2011 ; Duval et al, 2012 ), Africa and South-East Asia ( Adam and Landau, 1973 ; Duval et al, 2007 ), South America ( Garnham et al, 1971 ), and Australia ( Mackerras, 1959 ). This study presented the first molecular evidence ( cytb nucleotide sequences) together with morphological characterization of Polychromophilus in My.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular investigation of haemosporidian parasites in Thai bat species

Arnuphapprasert

Riana

Ngamprasertwong

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Malaria parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa (Order: Haemosporida) infect diverse vertebrates and invertebrate hosts. At least seven genera of haemosporidian parasites have been described to exclusively infect bats. Most of these parasites remain enigmatic with a poorly known host range. Here, we investigated 271 bats belonging to 21 species and seven families from six provinces of Thailand. Overall, 124 out of 271 bats (45.8%) were positive for haemosporidian parasites, while none had Plasmodium, based on microscopic examination of blood smears and PCR amplification. We obtained 19 distinct cytochrome b ( cytb ) nucleotide haplotypes of Hepatocystis from seven bat species (families: Craseonycteridae, Hipposideridae, Pteropodidae, and Rhinolophidae). Nycteria was found in four bat species (Craseonycteridae, Emballonuridae, Megadermatidae, and Pteropodidae) and Polychromophilus in two species (Emballonuridae, Vespertilionidae). Phylogenetic analysis inferred from cytb sequences placed Hepatocystis into 2 different clades. Most Hepatocystis infections were found in insectivorous bats and clustered together with a sequence from Hipposideros larvatus in Cambodia (in subclade 1a). A single sequence of Hepatocystis obtained from a frugivorous bat, Cynopterus brachyotis , was placed in the same clade with Hepatocystis from the same bat species previously reported in Malaysia (clade 2). Nycteria in these Thai bats were clearly separated from the African isolates previously reported in bats in the family Rhinolophidae. Polychromophilus murinus from Myotis siligorensis was placed in a distinct clade (clade 2) from Polychromophilus melanipherus isolated from Taphozous melanopogon (clade 1) . These results confirmed that at least two distinct species of Polychromophilus are found in Thailand . Collectively, Hepatocystis presented no host specificity. Although Megaderma spasma seemed to be infected by only Nycteria, its respective parasite does not show specificity to only a single bat host. Polychromophilus murinus and P. melanipherus seem to infect a narrower host range or are somehow restricted to bats in the families Vespertilionidae and Emballonuridae, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular investigation of haemosporidian parasites in Thai bat species

Arnuphapprasert

Riana

Ngamprasertwong

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…have been reported to be transmitted by nycteribiid flies [13, 14, 50], wingless Diptera that are obligate blood-sucking parasites of bats [34]. Molecular screening of bat flies sampled in the context of this study was carried out to identify potential candidate vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, seven bat families are known to be infected by haemosporidian parasites: Hipposideridae, Megadermatidae, Miniopteridae, Pteropodidae, Rhinolophidae, Rhinonycteridae and Vespertilionidae [6, 8, 10, 12]. Different morphological characters associated with the taxonomy of bat malarial parasites have been previously published [13–16], and their systematics as well as species diversity have been clarified through molecular approaches [6, 9, 17, 18]. Thus far, based on morphological and molecular studies, eight genera of haemosporidian parasites are recognized to infect bats: Biguetiella , Dionisia , Hepatocystis , Johnsprentia , Nycteria , Plasmodium , Polychromophilus and Sprattiella [6, 8, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two haemosporidian taxa are known to infect bats belonging to the Miniopteridae and Vespertilionidae in Africa and Europe [9, 17]. Further, previous morphological descriptions identified three additional species, namely Polychromophilus deanei , Polychromophilus adami and Polychromophilus corradetti , infecting Myotis nigricans [13], Miniopterus minor and M. schreibersii , respectively [12]. In the literature, parasites infecting Myotis spp., Eptesicus fuscus and V. murinus have been placed within the genus Bioccala , formerly recognized as a subgenus of Polychromophilus [16, 21]; however, this has yet to be verified based on molecular studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polychromophilus spp. (Haemosporida) in Malagasy bats: host specificity and insights on invertebrate vectors

Ramasindrazana

Dsouli

Gomard

et al. 2018

Malar J

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BackgroundBats are home to diverse haemosporidian parasites namely Plasmodium and Plasmodium-related. While information is available at a worldwide level, haemosporidian infection in bats from Madagascar is still scarce and recent changes in the taxonomy of the island’s bat fauna, particularly the description of several new species, require a reassessment of previously described patterns, including blood parasite ecology and vectorial transmission.MethodsA sample representing seven of the nine known bat families and 31 of the 46 currently recognized taxa from Madagascar and collected in the western and central portions of the island were screened by PCR for the presence of Polychromophilus. In addition, Nycteribiidae flies parasitizing Miniopteridae and Vespertilionidae were screened for parasites with the aim to better understand aspects of vector transmission. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the mitochondrial cytochrome b encoding gene was used in a Bayesian analysis to examine the relationship between Polychromophilus recovered from Malagasy bats and those identified elsewhere.ResultsPolychromophilus infection was restricted to Miniopterus spp. (Miniopteridae), Myotis goudoti (Vespertilionidae), and Paratriaenops furculus (Rhinonycteridae), with an overall infection rate of 13.5%. Polychromophilus melanipherus was found infecting Miniopterus spp. and P. furculus, whereas Polychromophilus murinus was only recovered from M. goudoti. These two protozoan parasites species were also detected in bat flies species known to parasitize Miniopterus spp. and M. goudoti, respectively. Generalized linear model analyses were conducted to elucidate the effect of species and sex on haemoparasites infection in Miniopterus spp., which revealed that males have higher risk of infection than females and prevalence differed according to the considered Miniopterus host. Molecular screening of nycteribiid flies revealed three positive species for Polychromophilus spp., including Penicillidia sp. (cf. fulvida), Penicillidia leptothrinax, and Nycteribia stylidiopsis. These three fly species are known to parasitize Miniopterus spp. and M. goudoti and should be considered as potential vectors of Polychromophilus spp.ConclusionPhylogenetic analyses demonstrated the existence of at least four distinct clades within the genus Polychromophilus, two of which were documented in the present study. The screening of nycteribiid flies overlaid on the highly diversified genus Miniopterus, provides considerable insight into parasite transmission, with bat infection being associated with their roosting behaviour and the occurrence of specific arthropod vectors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2461-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…P. deanei [35] and P. adami [10]). Without these supplementary species, the overall observed genetic diversity within the genus Polychromophilus is low; it is clearly less than that of the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus or even less than the diversity found in subgenera like P. (Vinckeia) and H. (Parahaemoproteus) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%