Reproductive biology of Hyla goiana (Anura, Hylidae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Male-male and male-female interactions, reproductive habitat, and vocalizations of Hyla goiana B. Lutz, 1968 a member of H. polytaenia species group, are described. Three groups of calling males were surveyed along a small stream, at the Estação de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Galheiro, Perdizes municipality, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mean distance between the nearest calling neighbors was 2.7 m, in accordance with an uniform distribution. Clutches (mean 180 eggs) were deposited in the stream, submerged and attached to plants. In two observed courtships the female moved towards a calling male that rapidly clasped her. In the male-male interaction, the males emitted advertisement and encounter calls and then engaged in physical combat. The males have a prepollical fang-like spine on each hand and several of them were observed with scratches on dorsum. The advertisement call consists of alternating harsh notes and a trilled of brief notes. The frequency of the call is lower than that of H. aff. polytaenia and H. cipoensis B. Lutz, 1968. The clutch characteristics of H. goiana are similar to those described for H. polytaenia Cope, 1870 and H. cipoensis.

Auto-ecologia de Hypsiboas albopunctatus (Anura, Hylidae) em área de Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil

“…No entanto, não observamos combate físico entre machos de H. albopunctatus, como descrito para outras espécies do gênero e do grupo de H. albopunctatus (e.g. GUIMARÃES et al, 2001;MENIN et al, 2004). Como outros hilíneos (HADDAD, 1991;BASTOS & HADDAD, 1996;GUIMARÃES & BASTOS, 2003), machos de H. albopunctatus adotam comportamento satélite e devem tentar interceptar fêmeas atraídas pelo macho em atividade vocal.…”

Biologia reprodutiva, tamanho e dieta de Hypsiboas cinerascens (Anura: Hylidae) em dois fragmentos florestais urbanos na Amazônia Central, Brasil

“…This pattern differs from that of Ecuadorian and Peruvian populations, in which reproduction has been reported to occur only in the rainy season (Crump 1974, Aichinger 1992. As observed by Haddad and Sawaya (2000) in Hypsiboas leucopygia, male-male aggressive behavior or territorial calls were not observed in H. cinerascens, in contrast to aggressive behavior reported for H. albopunctatus, H. bischoffi, H. goianus, H. leptolineatus, H. raniceps, and the H. boans Group (Martins and Moreira 1991, Martins et al 1998, Guimarães and Bastos 2003, Menin et al 2004, Toledo et al 2007, Reinke and Deiques 2010. The uniform distribution observed in the groups, the presence of a prepollical spine (Duellman 2005, pers.…”

“…Axillary amplexus occurred only at the oviposition site, differing from H. goianus, in which amplexus occurs in or near the calling site (Menin et al 2004). The oviposition site of H. cinerascens resembles that described for other populations of this species, and the clutch is a gelatinous mass floating in the water (Duellman 1978).…”

“…The pattern of spatial distribution of the males was evaluated using nearestneighbor distances in the Dispersion Index (variance/mean) and t-test (Brower and Zar 1984). Peripheral males, at distances greater than 30 m from one another were considered as belonging to a different group (Menin et al 2004).…”

“…), and the presence of silent males near calling males suggests the occurrence of territoriality in this species. The regular spacing among males may prevent physical combats as observed in H. goianus (Menin et al 2004).…”