Comparison between Adventitial and Intimal Inflammation of Ruptured and Nonruptured Atherosclerotic Plaques in Human Coronary Arteries

Abstract

Objective -To verify the possible role of adventitial inflammation in atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and coronary artery remodelling. Methods -

The Lamina Adventitia Is the Major Site of Immune Cell Accumulation in Standard Chow-Fed Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice

“…[25][26][27] We observed that in the aortic adventitia of old apoE Ϫ/Ϫ mice with moderate levels of hyperlipidemia lymphoid follicle-like structures that resemble tertiary follicles arise. Fully developed follicles contained a complete set of adaptive immune cells ranging from antigen-presenting CD11c ϩ /MHCII ϩ dendritic cells and proliferating B cells to numerous antibody-producing CD138 ϩ plasma cells that should allow an entire cellular and humoral immune response possibly directed toward an autoantigen.…”

“…21,22 Most studies related to adaptive immunity of atherosclerosis focused on characterization of intima lesions though adventitial inflammation may participate in arterial wall pathology 3,7,23,24 and a role of the adventitia in atherogenesis has also received attention. [25][26][27] However, little information is available on adventitia inflammation and immunity in hyperlipidemic mice as a function of age. 28 In earlier studies we observed that the adventitial tissue of atherosclerotic arteries of apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice is a major site of T cell accumulation.…”

Coinfection with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae and Chlamydia Pneumoniae in ruptured plaques associated with acute myocardial infarction

“…The material of groups A and B corresponded to serial sections of the same segments analyzed in a previous study in regard to the constitution of the plaques and characterization of the cell subtypes of inflammation 24,25 , collected on autopsies performed from 1985 to 1986, when angioplasty and thrombolytic agents, which may change the morphology of the plaque and the diameter of the vessel, were not routinely used.…”

Distribution of Inflammatory Cells in Adventitia Changed with Advancing Atherosclerosis of Human Coronary Artery

“…Schwartz reported lymphocyte accumulation in the adventitia of atherosclerosis in 1962 16) . In recent years, reports have increased about adventitis accompanying atherosclerosis and it is still unclear whether B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes are dominant 1,15,[17][18][19][20] . The possibility remains of the transition of infiltrating cells as the type of atherosclerosis advances, but no reports have tried to elucidate the relationship between the stage of atherosclerosis and the distribution of inflammatory cells in adventitia in human atherosclerosis.…”