Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em sistema de aléias no Estado do Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMOSistemas em aléias podem consistir numa solução para o uso da terra em regiões do Trópico Úmido. A relação dessa forma de manejo com a dinâmica dos fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in an alley cropping system in the state of Maranhão, Brazil ABSTRACTAlley cropping systems may be a solution for land use in tropical regions. How land use is connected to mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi (AMF) is poorly understood, especially in the tropics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of leguminous trees in an alley cropping system in regard to the infectivity and diversity of native AMF species in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Soil samples were collected in an experimental area of the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA) -São Luís, in two seasons (July/2006 and April/2007), two distances (0 m and 0.5 m) from the trunk of three leguminous trees (Leucaena leucocephala, Clitoria fairchildiana e Acacia mangium), and in a control area 0-20 cm deep. Soil samples were used to evaluate the infectivity of AMF, density and diversity of glomerospores. The alley cropping systems increased the infectivity of AMF which varied according to the leguminous tree species, raining season and distance from trees. Sixteen AMF species of five genera were identified in the area, and Scutellospora was the most representative genus.

Variation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities along an altitudinal gradient in rupestrian grasslands in Brazil

“…A. rugosa and P. robigina species, that were exclusive to the altitude of 1000 m, have already been recorded in the rupestrian grasslands in Serra do Cipó (Carvalho et al 2012). Furthermore, the only species exclusive to the altitude of 800 m, F. heterogama, also observed by Carvalho et al (2012), has a broad distribution, having been recorded in Araucaria forests (Moreira et al 2007), in seasonally dry vegetation (Souza et al 2003), in riparian forests (Carrenho et al 2001), in native sandy landscapes (Mello et al 2006), in agricultural areas (Nobre et al 2010), in Caatinga , and in dune areas (Souza et al 2011).…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the babassu palm (Attalea speciosa) in the eastern periphery of Amazonia, Brazil

“…Mycorrhizal symbiosis can specially benefit palms as these typically have lignified roots with few root hairs (Bouamri et al 2014), thus aiding in accessing low-availability soil nutrients and soil water. Despite their key ecological importance, there are few records of the occurrence of AMF species in Amazonia (Peña-Venega et al 2007;Nobre et al 2010;Stürmer and Siqueira 2011). Nothing to date is known on the possible association between the ruderal babassu palm and AMF.…”

Tropical dendrochronology applied to invasive tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

“…A young, heterogeneous age distribution and relatively fast growth rates characterize the growth of C. fairchildiana. Their fast growth and high nitrogen fixation have been described in previous studies, suggesting it as a potential species for the recovery of degraded areas (Lorenzi 1992;Nobre et al 2010;Costa et al 2014). Both S. cumini and C. fairchildiana show similar average annual increments to those found for native species in the Atlantic Forest environment (Barbosa et al 2018;Fontana et al 2018) and do not show stabilized growth rates, which adds to the knowledge of the lifespan of these invasive non-native species.…”