Risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy in older men

Pasqualotto, Fábio Firmbach; Lucon, Antônio Marmo; Hallak, Jorge; Pasqualotto, Eleonora Bedin; Arap, Sami

doi:10.1590/s0041-87812004000100006

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Blood testosterone levels decline with age in most men, even in those who are healthy, and this decline probably begins around the age of thirty [8]. The decline of around 1% per year in testosterone levels after the age of 30 years has been termed the andropause [9].…”

Section: Risk Factors Of Male Infertility Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Causes of Male Infertility-A Review

Mahat¹,

Arora²

2016

Biochem Anal Biochem

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Infertility is defined as inability to achieve conception in a period of one year in a couple, despite regular and adequate unprotected sexual intercourse. A male is said to be infertile if he is unable to impregnate his partner after one year of unprotected intercourse. It is an important medical and social problem in the world as regards 15% of couples are infertile and 40% are infertile because of male factor infertility. This review highlights the risk factors and some causes that are responsible for male infertility. The aim of this review is to generate information which could help in the evaluation of male infertility.

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Section: Risk Factors Of Male Infertility Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Causes of Male Infertility-A Review

Mahat¹,

Arora²

2016

Biochem Anal Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 Blood testosterone levels decline with age in most men, even in those who are healthy, and this decline probably begins around the age of thirty. 47 The rate of decline varies greatly between individuals and most of the data are to be found in studies on Caucasian men. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies confirm this decline.…”

Section: Declining Testosterone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though knowledge of the potential benefits and risks of male assisted reproductive technology (ART) has increased dramatically, there is still much that needs to be determined. 6,47 Although ART has resulted in increased bone mineral density, the impact on fracture risk is unknown. ART can lead to an increase in muscle mass and a decline in fat mass, but whether this translates into significant clinical changes in strength or function has not yet been proven.…”

Section: Declining Testosterone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ART can lead to an increase in muscle mass and a decline in fat mass, but whether this translates into significant clinical changes in strength or function has not yet been proven. 47 Indiscriminate use of testosterone supplements can increase the risks of prostate hyperplasia (and perhaps cancer), coagulation disorders (resulting in cerebrovascular damage), dyslipidemia, and male infertility. 6,47,51 Simply replacing testosterone is an inadequate and ineffective way to treat chronic progressive conditions with multiple causal factors (such as smoking).…”

Section: Declining Testosterone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The male biological clock is ticking: a review of the literature

2008

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The term biological clock is usually used by physicians and psychologists to refer to the declining fertility, increasing risk of fetal birth defects and alterations to hormone levels experienced by women as they age. Female fecundity declines slowly after the age of 30 years and more rapidly after 40 and is considered the main limiting factor in treating infertility. However, there are several scientific reports, chapters in books and review articles suggesting that men may also have a biological clock. The aim of our study was to conduct a review of the literature, based on the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), to evaluate the male biological clock. After adjustments for other factors, the data demonstrate that the likelihood that a fertile couple will take more than 12 months to conceive nearly doubles from 8% when the man is < 25 years old to 15% when he is > 35 years old. Thus, paternal age is a further factor to be taken into account when deciding on the prognosis for infertile couples. Also, increasing male age is associated with a significant decline in fertility (five times longer to achieve pregnancy at the age of 45 years). Patients and their physicians therefore need to understand the effects of the male biological clock on sexual and reproductive health, in that it leads to erectile dysfunction and male infertility, as well as its potential implications for important medical conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy in older men

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

Risk Factors and Causes of Male Infertility-A Review

Risk Factors and Causes of Male Infertility-A Review

The male biological clock is ticking: a review of the literature

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