Ocorrência e perfil de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Acinetobacter sp. em um hospital terciário, no sul do Brasil

Abstract

Occurrence and the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents inABSTRACT Introduction: The main mechanism of emerging resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter sp. isolates is the production of metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs). MβLs are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cephalosporins, penicillins and carbapenems, but not monobactams (aztreonam), which are often used as antimicrobial therapy to treat nosocomial infections. Methods: An observational descriptive and retrospective study was designed to assess the frequency of MβLs among strains of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter sp. obtained from a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil. Results: MβL production was observed in 77.6% (n = 173/223) for P. aeruginosa isolates and 22.4% (n = 50/223) of Acinetobacter sp. isolates. The Acinetobacter sp. isolates showed 92.8% sensitivity to amikacin and P. aeruginosa isolates showed 58.9% sensitivity to aztreonam. Conclusions: The MβL indices determined confirm the global concern with this mechanism of resistance.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Bloodstream Infections Recovered in the Hospitals of Belo Horizonte, Brazil

“…Bacterial strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to most antimicrobials and sensitive only to PB have been isolated by clinical microbiology laboratories in most Brazilian hospitals [19,20]; this was corroborated by the results presented in this study. In a study over a period of 1 year in Mexico, P. aeruginosa was the third most frequently isolated species from blood in an intensive care unit (ICU) and the predominant isolate in central venous catheters among the species included in the ESKAPE group of multidrug-resistant microorganisms [21].…”

“…aeruginosa [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. In this study, PCR assays were used to evaluate the presence of carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D BL and MBL genes, while ERIC-PCR and RAPD genotyping were performed to identify and establish the relatedness between the isolates.…”

“…By means of PCR assays, several MBL genes in P. aeruginosa have been detected in different regions of Brazil. One study in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, detected the bla SPM-1 gene in 33% (3/15) of the samples [28] while in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, this gene was detected in 77.6% (173/223) [20] of the samples. In São Paulo, São Paulo, another 2 studies detected the gene bla SPM-1 ; the first was detected in 17.2% (n = 5/25) [29] of the isolates, and the second reported bla SPM-1 in 81% and bla VIM-2 in 19% of the isolates [30].…”

AMINOGLYCOSIDE RESISTANCE GENES IN Pseudomonas aeruginosa ISOLATES FROM CUMANA, VENEZUELA

“…According to epidemiological studies, Latin America is one of the regions with the highest incidence of hospital-associated outbreaks produced by bacteria resistant to several antibiotics 4 , 5 . Different patterns of resistance to betalactamics, quinolones and aminoglycosides have been reported in Mexico 6 , Peru 7 , Brazil 8 , and Venezuela 9 , 10 , 11 , and in Latin American surveys 12 , showing an increase in resistance in the P. aeruginosa strains.…”

Incidência e perfil de susceptibilidade de bactérias isoladas do trato respiratório de pacientes em unidade de terapia intensiva

“…Nas bactérias P. aeruginosa, foram identificadas enzimas que promovem a hidrólise das cefalosporinas, penicilinas e carbapenêmicos, as quais são denominadas de carbapenemase ou metalo-β-lactamases, e conferem resistência a esses antimicrobianos, em torno de 80% a apenas dois antibióticos, Ampicilina e Meropenem, e resistência superior a 60% para seis dos dez antibióticos testados (MACHADO et al, 2011) Ao analisar o perfil de resistência da bactéria S. aureus de um Hospital em Pernambuco-PE, detectou-se os seguintes padrões de resistência: penicilinas (95%), tetraciclinas (32%), Eritromicina (21%), Gentamicina (16%), Cefoxitina (11%), Oxacilina (11%), Sulfametoxazol/Trimetoprima (11%), Clorafenicol (11%), Clindamicina (5%) (CARACIOLO et al 2012).…”