O Inquérito de soroprevalência da infecção chagásica humana (1975-1980)

Abstract

RESUMOO Inquérito sorológico da prevalência de infecção chagásica no Brasil, 1975de infecção chagásica no Brasil, /1980, cujos resultados foram objeto de publicação anterior, em 1984 (Camargo e cols), é aqui detalhado em sua distribuição geográfica. Foi uma iniciativa da Superintendência de Campanhas de Saúde Pública (SUCAM/MS) e do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (CNPq) através de seu Programa Integrado de Doenças Endêmicas (PIDE), tendo servido para delimitar e estratificar mais precisamente a área com transmissão endêmica da doença de Chagas e orientar as ações de controle vetorial, implementadas a partir da segunda metade da década de 1970. Mostrou uma soroprevalência estimada de 4,22% da infecção chagásica para a população geral residente em área rural no país. Observe-se que não foram incluídos o Estado de São Paulo e o Distrito Federal, para onde se acreditava já haver informação suficiente e recente. Abrangeu todas as demais unidades federativas, com o exame de 1.626.745 amostras de sangue, processadas por imunofluorescencia indireta. Destas, foram consideradas válidas para efeito de processamento e análise estatística 1.352.197, procedentes de 3.026 municípios de 24 estados, segundo a divisão política de então. Os resultados no geral foram confirmatórios em relação ao que era já conhecido. Alguns achados no entanto não corresponderam ao esperado, o que foi objeto de investigação ou se soube depois justificáveis, com base em dados de entomologia e outros que serviram à interpretação dos resultados. Palavras-chaves: Doença de Chagas. Inquérito sorológico. Soroprevalência. Brasil. Brazil, 1975Brazil, /1980, were published before but the detailed geographical distribution is described in this paper. This was an initiative of two governmental bodies: the Superintendencia de Campanhas de Saúde Pública a Ministry of Health Division in charge of all public health policies, and, the Research National Council of the Ministry of Science and Technology through a program called Integrated Program for Endemic Diseases. Results obtained were extremely useful for a precise delimitation of the area with endemic transmission of Chagas disease, and hence, to direct the activities for vector control, which were implemented from 1975 onwards. This survey showed an estimated seroprevalence of 4.2% of T. cruzi infection in the rural population in the country. Only two federal units were not included, São Paulo and the Federal District (Brasilia) for which enough recent information was available. This survey included all the other federal units of Brazil, with the examination of 1,626,745 blood samples by indirect immunofluorescence. From them, 1,352,197 were validated for processing and statistical analysis, which were from 3,026 municipalities of 24 states, as by the political division of the country by this time. Overall results obtained, confirmed data that were well known, but some were non expected. These last were subject of further investigations, until confirmation, based also on entomological data and a better inte...

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